ArticleScientific reports2016
Illegitimate translation causes unexpected gene expression from on-target out-of-frame alleles created by CRISPR-Cas9.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Frameshift Mutations in Exon 1 ofJournal of developmental biology · 2026Article
- NovelPathology oncology research : POR · 2026Article
- A start codon-targeted genome editing strategy for generating hypomorphic mutants of lethal plant genes.Plant biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Slc26a2-mediated sulfate metabolism is important in tooth development.Disease models & mechanisms · 2024Article
- Analysis of human neuronal cells carrying ASTN2 deletion associated with psychiatric disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Escaping from CRISPR-Cas-mediated knockout: the facts, mechanisms, and applications.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Review
- A universal method for generating knockout mice in multiple genetic backgrounds using zygote electroporation.Biology open · 2023Article
- Comprehensive behavioral analyses of mice with a glycine receptor alpha 4 deficiency.Molecular brain · 2023Article
- Targeted deletion of ecto-5'-nucleotidase results in retention of inosine monophosphate content in postmortem muscle of medaka (Oryzias latipes).Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Progress towards completing the mutant mouse null resource.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2022Article
- Generation of NPHP1 knockout human pluripotent stem cells by a practical biallelic gene deletion strategy using CRISPR/Cas9 and ssODN.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2022Article
- Genome editing in mammalian cells using the CRISPR type I-D nuclease.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- A novel all-in-one conditional knockout system uncovered an essential role of DDX1 in ribosomal RNA processing.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- A simple method using CRISPR-Cas9 to knock-out genes in murine cancerous cell lines.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Genes adapt to outsmart gene-targeting strategies in mutant mouse strains by skipping exons to reinitiate transcription and translation.Genome biology · 2020Article
- The position of the target site for engineered nucleases improves the aberrant mRNA clearance in in vivo genome editing.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Genetic mutation of Frem3 does not causeFraser syndrome in mice.Experimental animals · 2020Article
- Biological plasticity rescues target activity in CRISPR knock outs.Nature methods · 2019Article
- Unfolded protein-independent IRE1 activation contributes to multifaceted developmental processes in Arabidopsis.Life science alliance · 2019Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 is efficient enough to knock out both alleles directly by introducing out-of-frame mutations. We succeeded in making biallelic on-target frameshift mutations of the endogenous Gli3 gene; however, the GLI3 protein was expressed in all six of the established cell lines carrying homozygous out-of-frame mutations. We developed a dual-tagged expression vector and proved that illegitimate translation (ITL) was the cause of the unexpected Gli3 expression. Thus, gene expression must be examined even if designed on-target out-of-frame sequences are introduced by genome editing. In addition, it is highly recommended to pre-examine the occurrence of ITL in vitro prior to the design and construction of any genome-editing vectors. In vitro assay systems such as the dual-tagged ITL assay system developed in this study should aid the identification and elucidation of ITL-based human diseases and gene expression.
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