ArticleScientific reports2016
Identification of a TNF-α inducer MIC3 originating from the microneme of non-cystogenic, virulent Toxoplasma gondii.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Trem2-MICAL1-P-ERK Axis in Macrophages Confers Protection AgainstPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Toxoplasma gondii-induced adverse pregnancy outcomes: insight into the inhibitory role of Trem2 on TLR4/TRAF6/JNK signaling pathway.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- ATF3-mediated inhibition of Trem2 by Toxoplasma gondii contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Ubiquitin-activating enzyme1 (TgUAE1) acts as a key regulator of Toxoplasma gondii lytic cycle and homeostasis.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Trem2/Syk/PI3K axis contributes to the host protection against Toxoplasma gondii-induced adverse pregnancy outcomes via modulating decidual macrophages.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- The role of microRNA-142a in Toxoplasma gondii infection-induced downregulation of Foxp3: implications for adverse pregnancy outcomes.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Inhibition of Foxp3 expression in the placenta of mice infected intraperitoneally by toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites: insights into the PPARγ/miR-7b-5p/Sp1 signaling pathway.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Toxoplasma gondii microneme protein MIC3 induces macrophage TNF-α production and Ly6C expression via TLR11/MyD88 pathway.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Mining the Proteome ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Congenital Transmission of Apicomplexan Parasites: A Review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- The lectin-specific activity of Toxoplasma gondii microneme proteins 1 and 4 binds Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 N-glycans to regulate innate immune priming.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- TheBiology open · 2019Article
- Estradiol Attenuates the Severity of PrimaryFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic parasite with avirulent cystogenic and highly virulent non-cystogenic isolates. Although non-cystogenic strains are considered the most virulent, there are also marked genetic and virulence differences among these strains. Excretory-secretory antigens (ESAs) of T. gondii are critical for the invasion process and the immune response of the host. To better understand the differences in virulence between non-cystogenic T. gondii isolates, we studied ESAs of the RH strain (Type I), and the very prevalent in China, but less virulent TgCtwh3 strain (Chinese 1). ESAs of RH and TgCtwh3 triggered different levels of TNF-α production and macrophage M1 polarization. Using iTRAQ analysis, 27 differentially expressed proteins originating from secretory organelles and surface were quantified. Of these proteins, 11 microneme-associated proteins (MICs), 6 rhoptry proteins, 2 dense granule proteins and 5 surface proteins were more abundant in RH than in TgCtwh3. The protein-protein correlation network was employed to identify the important functional node protein MIC3, which was upregulated 5-fold in RH compared with TgCtwh3. MIC3 was experimentally confirmed to evoke a TNF-α secretory response, and it also induced macrophage M1 polarization. This result suggests that MIC3 is a potentially useful immunomodulator that induces TNF-α secretion and macrophage M1 polarization.
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