ReviewBiology of sex differences2016
A primer on the use of mouse models for identifying direct sex chromosome effects that cause sex differences in non-gonadal tissues.
Review in Biology of sex differences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 171 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexual dimorphism in the liver.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Why males scar more: hormonal and chromosomal clues to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Gonadal Sex and Sex-Chromosome Complement Interact to Affect Ethanol Consumption in Adolescent Four Core Genotypes Mice.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Sex matters: mechanistic insights into sex-driven patterns of autoimmunity and implications for pharmacotherapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Influenza B virus suppression of Chromosome Y-linked genes increases pulmonary virus replication and disease severity in male mice.Research square · 2026Article
- Sry-modified laboratory rat lines to study sex-chromosome effects underlying sex differences in physiology and disease: Four Core Genotypes and more.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- KDM5C and KDM5D influence DNA methylation in adult mouse liver.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- The Role of Testosterone in Atherosclerosis: View From Cell Cultures and Animal Models.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Integrated chromatin and transcriptomic profiling reveals sex-specific mechanisms of gene regulation in hepatic nutrient responses.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Gonadal and sex chromosomal contributions to sex differences in mammalian brain organization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in the Development of Cardiometabolic Syndrome.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of sex differences in acute and long COVID sequelae in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Addressing Sex as a Biological Variable in Preclinical Models of Lung Disease: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Strategies for studying sex differences in brain aging.Trends in genetics : TIG · 2025Review
- Sex differences in bladder cancer: understanding biological and clinical implications.Biology of sex differences · 2025Review
- X's, Y's, and vascular ties: exploring the role of sex chromosomes in arterial stiffness and vascular aging.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Roles of chromosomal and gonadal sex in the fetal and placental responses to maternal food restriction in mice.Molecular human reproduction · 2025Article
- Survey of gene, lncRNA and transposon transcription patterns in four mouse organs highlights shared and organ-specific sex-biased regulation.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Y chromosome-linked UTY modulates sex differences in valvular fibroblast methylation in response to nanoscale extracellular matrix cues.Science advances · 2025Article
- Guidelines for sex-specific considerations to improve rigor in renal research and how we got there.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2025Review
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In animals with heteromorphic sex chromosomes, all sex differences originate from the sex chromosomes, which are the only factors that are consistently different in male and female zygotes. In mammals, the imbalance in Y gene expression, specifically the presence vs. absence of
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.