ArticleClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2017
Benzalkonium tolerance genes and outcome in Listeria monocytogenes meningitis.
Article in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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53 citing papers in PubMed, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Profiling Listeria monocytogenes in Hummus, Fresh Produce, and Food Processing Environments in the Western Cape, South Africa.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Article
- Beyond antimicrobial resistance: MATE-type efflux pump FepA contributes to flagellum formation and virulence inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Large-scale phenotypic and genomic analysis ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Analysis of Genetic Determinants Encoding Resistance to Heavy Metals and Disinfectants inFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Seamless, rapid, and accurate analyses of outbreak genomic data using splitGenome research · 2024Article
- High density genomic surveillance and risk profiling of clinical Listeria monocytogenes subtypes in Germany.Genome medicine · 2024Article
- Multi-species biofilms of environmental microbiota isolated from fruit packing facilities promoted tolerance ofBiofilm · 2024Article
- Phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance ofThe Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Article
- Genetic diversity ofAIMS microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Characteristics and prognostic factors of bacterial meningitis in the intensive care unit: a prospective nationwide cohort study.Annals of intensive care · 2023Article
- Survival strategies ofFood science and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Biofilms as protective cocoons against biocides: from bacterial adaptation to One Health issues.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
- Human Listeriosis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2023Review
- Molecular characterization ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Bacterial meningitis in Africa.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Impact of benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride and chloroxylenol on bacterial antimicrobial resistance.Journal of applied microbiology · 2022Review
- An Exploration ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesListeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that can cause meningitis. The listerial genotype ST6 has been linked to increasing rates of unfavourable outcome over time. We investigated listerial genetic variation and the relation with clinical outcome in meningitis.
methodsWe sequenced 96 isolates from adults with listerial meningitis included in two prospective nationwide cohort studies by whole genome sequencing, and evaluated associations between bacterial genetic variation and clinical outcome. We validated these results by screening listerial genotypes of 445 cerebrospinal fluid and blood isolates from patients over a 30-year period from the Dutch national surveillance cohort.
resultsWe identified a bacteriophage, phiLMST6 co-occurring with a novel plasmid, pLMST6, in ST6 isolates to be associated with unfavourable outcome in patients (p 2.83e-05). The plasmid carries a benzalkonium chloride tolerance gene, emrC, conferring decreased susceptibility to disinfectants used in the food-processing industry. Isolates harbouring emrC were growth inhibited at higher levels of benzalkonium chloride (median 60 mg/L versus 15 mg/L; p <0.001), and had higher MICs for amoxicillin and gentamicin compared with isolates without emrC (both p <0.001). Transformation of pLMST6 into naive strains led to benzalkonium chloride tolerance and higher MICs for gentamicin.
conclusionsThese results show that a novel plasmid, carrying the efflux transporter emrC, is associated with increased incidence of ST6 listerial meningitis in the Netherlands. Suggesting increased disease severity, our findings warrant consideration of disinfectants used in the food-processing industry that select for resistance mechanisms and may, inadvertently, lead to increased risk of poor disease outcome.
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