Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27992404›Full record

ArticleNature immunology2017

A gene network regulated by the transcription factor VGLL3 as a promoter of sex-biased autoimmune diseases.

Yun Liang, Lam C Tsoi, Xianying Xing, Maria A Beamer, William R Swindell, Mrinal K Sarkar, Celine C Berthier, Philip E Stuart, Paul W Harms, Rajan P Nair and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Tm4sf19 inhibition alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriatic dermatitis by regulating inflammatory signaling pathways and keratinocyte proliferation in mice.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Sex Bias in Autoimmunity: New Findings and New Opportunities.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. The human-specific noncoding RNAFASEB bioAdvances · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Extrafollicular CD19Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2024
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Drug Repurposing Using Molecular Network Analysis Identifies Jak as Targetable Driver in Necrobiosis Lipoidica.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yun LiangDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Lam C TsoiDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Xianying XingDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Maria A BeamerDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
William R SwindellDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Mrinal K SarkarDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Celine C BerthierDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Philip E StuartDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Paul W HarmsDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0802-2883
Rajan P NairDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
James T ElderDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
John J VoorheesDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
J Michelle KahlenbergDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4006-8945
Johann E GudjonssonDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
University of Michigan · US

Funding

ZINC GLUCONATE GLYCINE LOZENGES &VITAMIN C EFFECTS ON COMMON COLDM01RR000042 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI RUBENFIRE, MELVYN · 1985 to 2007
$40.8M
Linkage analysis of familial psoriasis(Supplement)R01AR042742 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ELDER, JAMES TILFORD · 1994 to 2021
$10.1M
Genetic and Genomic Dissection of Psoriatic ArthritisR01AR063611 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ELDER, JAMES TILFORD, GLADMAN, DAFNA D · 2012 to 2023
$6.2M
Identification of Psoriatic Arthritis Genes in the MHCR01AR050511 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ELDER, JAMES TILFORD · 2004 to 2013
$4.2M
TRAINING PROGRAM IN CELL AND MOLECULAR DERMATOLOGYT32AR007197 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI JAMES TILFORD ELDER, Sunny Y Wong · 1986 to 2026
$4.2M
Role of IL-13 and the IL-13 Associated rs20541 Risk Variant in the Pathogenesis of PsoriasisR01AR069071 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI GUDJONSSON, JOHANN ELI · 2015 to 2019
$2.1M
Functional Genomics of PsoriasisR01AR065183 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ELDER, JAMES TILFORD · 2013 to 2016
$1.7M
The Role of Innate Immunity in Systemic and Cutaneous LupusK08AR063668 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI KAHLENBERG, JOANNE MICHELLE · 2013 to 2017
$736k
Role of the Psoriasis Associated IL23R Risk Variants on Th17 Biology and FunctionK08AR060802 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI GUDJONSSON, JOHANN ELI · 2011 to 2015
$636k
Understanding Transcriptional Connections between Cutaneous and Systemic LupusR03AR066337 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI KAHLENBERG, JOANNE MICHELLE · 2014 to 2016
$233k
NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000042NIAMS NIH HHS K08 AR060802NIAMS NIH HHS K08 AR063668NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR042742NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR050511NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR063611NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR065183NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR069071NIAMS NIH HHS R03 AR066337NIAMS NIH HHS T32 AR007197
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases affect 7.5% of the US population, and they are among the leading causes of death and disability. A notable feature of many autoimmune diseases is their greater prevalence in females than in males, but the underlying mechanisms of this have remained unclear. Through the use of high-resolution global transcriptome analyses, we demonstrated a female-biased molecular signature associated with susceptibility to autoimmune disease and linked this to extensive sex-dependent co-expression networks. This signature was independent of biological age and sex-hormone regulation and was regulated by the transcription factor VGLL3, which also had a strong female-biased expression. On a genome-wide level, VGLL3-regulated genes had a strong association with multiple autoimmune diseases, including lupus, scleroderma and Sjögren's syndrome, and had a prominent transcriptomic overlap with inflammatory processes in cutaneous lupus. These results identified a VGLL3-regulated network as a previously unknown inflammatory pathway that promotes female-biased autoimmunity. They demonstrate the importance of studying immunological processes in females and males separately and suggest new avenues for therapeutic development.

Indexed as

Gene Regulatory NetworksSex FactorsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCells, CulturedFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGenetic Association StudiesGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansKeratinocytesLupus Erythematosus, CutaneousMaleMiddle AgedQuantitative Trait LociTranscription FactorsVGLL3 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID27992404
PMCPMC5289297
OpenAlexW2562788296

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.