ReviewFree radical biology & medicine2017
Enterosalivary nitrate metabolism and the microbiome: Intersection of microbial metabolism, nitric oxide and diet in cardiac and pulmonary vascular health.
Review in Free radical biology & medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06502535 (The Effects of Inulin and Inorganic Nitrate on Flow-Mediated Dilation and Gut Microbiome in Adults with Pre-Hypertension and Hypertension), which is not on this map. Cited by 99 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effects of Inulin and Inorganic Nitrate on Flow-Mediated Dilation and Gut Microbiome in Adults with Pre-Hypertension and Hypertension
Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- The microbiome-nitric oxide axis in cancer immunotherapy: a targeted qualitative systematic review of mechanistic and translational evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy of non-pharmacological treatment of functional constipation: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Limited Effects of Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation on Exercise Training Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2023Pooled it
- Factors that Moderate the Effect of Nitrate Ingestion on Exercise Performance in Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses and Meta-Regressions.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Pooled it
- Do Changes in Oral Microbiota Correlate With Plasma Nitrite Response? A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Pooled it
- DELTA: Strengthening human biological resilience with an N=1 digital health and dynamic biomarker protocol.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Acute effects of a chewable beetroot-based supplement on cognitive performance: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial.European journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Effect of Vitamin C and Protein Supplementation on Plasma Nitrate and Nitrite Response following Consumption of Beetroot Juice.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- The effect of dietary nitrate on exercise capacity in chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled pilot study.Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry · 2021Trial
- Effects of Oral Sodium Nitrite on Blood Pressure, Insulin Sensitivity, and Intima-Media Arterial Thickening in Adults With Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2020Trial
- Effect of Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation on the Post-Exercise Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Obese Males: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2019Trial
- Nitrate-responsive oral microbiome modulates nitric oxide homeostasis and blood pressure in humans.Free radical biology & medicine · 2018Trial
- Dietary Nitrate Increases VOJournal of cardiac failure · 2018Trial
- Conjugated Linoleic Acid Modulates Clinical Responses to Oral Nitrite and Nitrate.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2017Trial
- Review
- Therapeutic Modulation of Nitric Oxide Pathways to Address Insulin Resistance in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A nitrite-responsive regulatory RNA locus sustains commensal resilience against nitrosative stress.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Oral Microbiome-Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Axis and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiome-Hormone Interactions and Precision Fermentation in the Prevention of Early Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Recent insights into the bioactivation and signaling actions of inorganic, dietary nitrate and nitrite now suggest a critical role for the microbiome in the development of cardiac and pulmonary vascular diseases. Once thought to be the inert, end-products of endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) heme-oxidation, nitrate and nitrite are now considered major sources of exogenous NO that exhibit enhanced vasoactive signaling activity under conditions of hypoxia and stress. The bioavailability of nitrate and nitrite depend on the enzymatic reduction of nitrate to nitrite by a unique set of bacterial nitrate reductase enzymes possessed by specific bacterial populations in the mammalian mouth and gut. The pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH), obesity, hypertension and CVD are linked to defects in NO signaling, suggesting a role for commensal oral bacteria to shape the development of PH through the formation of nitrite, NO and other bioactive nitrogen oxides. Oral supplementation with inorganic nitrate or nitrate-containing foods exert pleiotropic, beneficial vascular effects in the setting of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion injury and in pre-clinical models of PH, while traditional high-nitrate dietary patterns are associated with beneficial outcomes in hypertension, obesity and CVD. These observations highlight the potential of the microbiome in the development of novel nitrate- and nitrite-based therapeutics for PH, CVD and their risk factors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.