ArticleRevista de saude publica2016
Access to medicines for chronic diseases in Brazil: a multidimensional approach.
Article in Revista de saude publica, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Access to Essential Medicines in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Barriers and Facilitators.International journal of public health · 2026Pooled it
- Association Between Socioeconomic Conditions and Biologic Prescriptions for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Brazilian Public Healthcare System: An Ecological Study.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Article
- Exploring factors affecting access to non-communicable disease medicines in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Users' Perspectives on Primary Care and Public Health Services in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study with Implications for Healthcare Quality Assessment.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Prices paid for primary health care medicines by Brazilian municipalities.Revista de saude publica · 2025Article
- Inequalities in unmet need for health care services and medications in Brazil: a decomposition analysis.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Article
- Access to medicines among the Brazilian population based on the 2019 National Health Survey.PloS one · 2023Article
- Factors associated with the availability and affordability of essential cardiovascular disease medicines in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- An integrative model of patients' perceived value of healthcare service quality in North Cyprus.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2021Article
- "Inequalities in access to medicines for diabetes and hypertension across the capitals in different regions of Brazil: a population-based study".BMC public health · 2021Article
- Integrative Review of Managed Entry Agreements: Chances and Limitations.PharmacoEconomics · 2020Review
- Free access to medicines among older adults in primary care: a cross-sectional study.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2020Article
- Catastrophic health expenditure and multimorbidity among older adults in Brazil.Revista de saude publica · 2020Article
- Funding and Service Organization to Achieve Universal Health Coverage for Medicines: An Economic Evaluation of the Best Investment and Service Organization for the Brazilian Scenario.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Consumption and Lack of Access to Medicines and Associated Factors in the Brazilian Amazon: A Cross-Sectional Study, 2019.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Use of drugs for gastrointestinal disorders: evidence from National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2020Article
- Inappropriate use of medicines and associated factors in Brazil: an approach from a national household survey.Health policy and planning · 2019Article
- Management of COPD within the Brazilian Unified Health Care System in the state of Bahia: an analysis of real-life medication use patterns.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2019Article
- Patient safety in primary health care and polypharmacy: cross-sectional survey among patients with chronic diseases.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2019Article
- Access to medicines: relations with the institutionalization of pharmaceutical services.Revista de saude publica · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo analyze the access to medicines to treat non-communicable diseases in Brazil according to socioeconomic, demographic, and health-related factors, from a multidimensional perspective.
methodsAnalysis of data from the National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines (PNAUM), household survey, sampling plan by conglomerates with representativeness of the Brazilian population and large areas of the country, according to sex and age domains. Data collected in 2013-2014 with sample of adults (≥ 20 years) who reported having non-communicable diseases and medical indication for use of medicines (n = 12,725). We assessed the prevalence of access to medicines for self-reported non-communicable diseases, considering four dimensions: availability, geographic accessibility, acceptability, and affordability. We applied Pearson's Chi-square test to assess the statistical significance of the differences between strata, considering the level of significance of 5%. We found prevalence of 94.3%, 5.2%, and 0.5% for full, partial, and null access, respectively. Higher prevalence was observed among seniors in the South compared to the Northeast; for those who reported having one non-communicable disease compared to those who reported having two or more; for those who needed one medicine compared to those who needed three or more; and for those who self-assessed their health as good or very good. Geographic accessibility was similar in the Unified Health System and in the private pharmacies (72.0%). Total availability of medicines was 45.2% in the Unified Health System, 67.4% in the Popular Pharmacy Program, and 88.5% in private pharmacies. Acceptability was 92.5% in the Unified Health System, 97.8% in the Popular Pharmacy Program, and 98.7% in private pharmacies. As to affordability, 2.6% of the individuals failed to take the medicines they should in the 30-day period prior to the interview due to financial difficulty. Prevalence of full access to medicines for non-communicable diseases in Brazil is high and presents significant differences for age group, region of the country, number of non-communicable diseases, and for medicines prescribed and self-assessment of health. The major barriers to access to medicines were identified in the dimensions analyzed. OBJETIVO: Analisar o acesso a medicamentos para tratar doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil segundo fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos e de saúde, sob perspectiva multidimensional. MÉTODOS: Análise de dados da Pesquisa Nacional sobre Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (PNAUM), inquérito domiciliar, plano amostral por conglomerados com representatividade da população brasileira e grandes regiões do País, segundo domínios de sexo e idade. Dados coletados em 2013-2014 com amostra constituída por adultos (≥ 20 anos) que referiram ter doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e indicação médica para usar medicamentos (n = 12.725). Avaliou-se a prevalência de acesso aos medicamentos para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis autorreferidas, considerando quatro dimensões: disponibilidade, acessibilidade geográfica, aceitabilidade e capacidade aquisitiva. Aplicou-se teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson para avaliar a significância estatística das diferenças entre os estratos, considerando o nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Foram encontradas prevalências de 94,3%, 5,2% e 0,5% para acesso total, parcial e nulo, respectivamente. Maiores prevalências ocorreram entre os idosos, na região Sul comparada à região Nordeste; naqueles que referiram ter uma doença crônica não transmissível comparados aos que referiram ter duas ou mais; naqueles que precisavam de um medicamento comparados aos que precisavam de três ou mais; e naqueles que autoavaliaram sua saúde como boa ou muito boa. A acessibilidade geográfica foi semelhante no Sistema Único de Saúde e nas farmácias privadas (72,0%). A disponibilidade total de medicamentos foi de 45,2% no Sistema Único de Saúde, 67,4% no Programa Farmácia Popular e 88,5% nas farmácias privadas. A aceitabilidade foi de 92,5% no Sistema Único de Saúde, 97,8% no Programa Farmácia Popular e 98,7% nas farmácias privadas. Quanto à capacidade aquisitiva, 2,6% dos indivíduos não tomou os medicamentos que deveria nos 30 dias anteriores à entrevista devido à dificuldade financeira. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência do acesso total aos medicamentos para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil é alta e apresenta diferenças significativas por faixa etária, região do País, número de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e de medicamentos prescritos e autoavaliação da saúde. Foram identificadas as principais barreiras ao acesso a medicamentos nas dimensões analisadas.
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