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A Phylogeny-Based Global Nomenclature System and Automated Annotation Tool for H1 Hemagglutinin Genes from Swine Influenza A Viruses.
Article in mSphere. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers.
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Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- Occupationally Exposed and General Population Antibody Profiles to Influenza A Viruses Circulating in Swine as Indication of Zoonotic Risk.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Report from the BV-BRC, CDC, NCBI, and NIAID Viral Sub-Species Classification Workshop.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study (2009-2023): Exploring Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Antibody Time Series in Humans and Swine and Vaccine Coverage in Two Target Groups.Zoonoses and public health · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated DNA vaccine prevented lung consolidation following heterologous influenza A virus challenge in pigs.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Surveillance of Influenza A Virus Exposure in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Spain (2015-2023): Serologic and Virologic Evidence of Subtype Infections and H5N1 Spillover Risk.Zoonoses and public health · 2026Article
- Genetic diversity and circulation of influenza A viruses in Italian pig farms: insights from surveillance and vaccination.Porcine health management · 2026Article
- Diverse genomic landscape of swine influenza A virus in England (2014-2021).Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis and Transmission of a Reassorted H1 Influenza A Virus Detected in North American Swine.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Passive surveillance for Influenza A virus among swine, Brazil, 2009-2023.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Eurasian 1C swine influenza A virus exhibits high pandemic risk traits.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- High serological barriers may contribute to restricted Influenza-A-virus transmission between pigs and humans.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Diagnostic performance of ELISA kits and expanded antigen panels for hemagglutination inhibition assays in pig herds enzootically infected with porcine Influenza A viruses.Porcine health management · 2025Article
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- Novel (d)PCR assays for influenza A(H5Nx) viruses clade 2.3.4.4b surveillance.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Quantifying the zoonotic risk profile of European influenza A viruses in swine from 2010 to 2020 inclusive.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Swine influenza virus surveillance programme pilot to assess the risk for animal and public health, the Netherlands, 2022 to 2023.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Epitope-optimized vaccine elicits enduring immunity against swine influenza A virus.Nature communications · 2025Article
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- Evolutionary dynamics and molecular epidemiology of H1N1 pandemic 2009 influenza A viruses across swine farms in Denmark.Virus evolution · 2025Article
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 13 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The H1 subtype of influenza A viruses (IAVs) has been circulating in swine since the 1918 human influenza pandemic. Over time, and aided by further introductions from nonswine hosts, swine H1 viruses have diversified into three genetic lineages. Due to limited global data, these H1 lineages were named based on colloquial context, leading to a proliferation of inconsistent regional naming conventions. In this study, we propose rigorous phylogenetic criteria to establish a globally consistent nomenclature of swine H1 virus hemagglutinin (HA) evolution. These criteria applied to a data set of 7,070 H1 HA sequences led to 28 distinct clades as the basis for the nomenclature. We developed and implemented a web-accessible annotation tool that can assign these biologically informative categories to new sequence data. The annotation tool assigned the combined data set of 7,070 H1 sequences to the correct clade more than 99% of the time. Our analyses indicated that 87% of the swine H1 viruses from 2010 to the present had HAs that belonged to 7 contemporary cocirculating clades. Our nomenclature and web-accessible classification tool provide an accurate method for researchers, diagnosticians, and health officials to assign clade designations to HA sequences. The tool can be updated readily to track evolving nomenclature as new clades emerge, ensuring continued relevance. A common global nomenclature facilitates comparisons of IAVs infecting humans and pigs, within and between regions, and can provide insight into the diversity of swine H1 influenza virus and its impact on vaccine strain selection, diagnostic reagents, and test performance, thereby simplifying communication of such data.
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