ReviewNeurobiology of stress2016
The microbiome: A key regulator of stress and neuroinflammation.
Review in Neurobiology of stress, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 229 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Gut-Brain-axis: Targets for Improvement of Cognition in the Elderly
Association of Gut Microbiome With Neonatal Complications and Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants
Who cites it
229 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of Prebiotics and Probiotics on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety in Clinically Diagnosed Samples: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Developing a translational research framework for MDD: combining biomolecular mechanisms with a spiraling risk factor model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Gut microbiota composition in depressive disorder: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Translational psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- The microbiota-gut- hippocampus axis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Augmenting Clinical Interventions in Psychiatric Disorders: Systematic Review and Update on Nutrition.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Prebiotics and probiotics for depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Phenylalanine Butyramide: A Butyrate Derivative as a Novel Inhibitor of Tyrosinase.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Trial
- A randomized trial of probiotic supplementation in nurses to reduce stress and viral illness.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Trial
- A specific dietary fibre supplementation improves cognitive performance-an exploratory randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover study.Psychopharmacology · 2021Trial
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Alzheimer's Disease: Toward a New Understanding of Neuroprotective Mechanisms and Intervention Strategies.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- Gut microbial diversity and inferred capacity to produce short-chain fatty acids are associated with acute stress reactivity in healthy adults.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of Exercise-Mediated Regulation of the Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson's Disease.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The Gut-Brain Axis in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: From Biological Mechanisms to Microbiome-Based Therapeutic Strategies-A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Implications of Gut Microbiome in Fibromyalgia: A Scoping Review.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2026Article
- Microbial Dysbiosis and Pathogenic Interplay in the Gut-Vaginal Axis: Implications for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Critical Review.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Early-Life β-Lactam Exposure and the Developing Microbiome: Clinical Relevance and Controversies.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Challenging Evolutionary Paradigms: Daphnia Populations Resurrected From Unpolluted Environments Show Enhanced Detoxification Ability to Aromatic Pollutants.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Review
- The Microbiome-Neurodegeneration Interface: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Directions.Cells · 2026Review
169 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is a growing emphasis on the relationship between the complexity and diversity of the microorganisms that inhabit our gut (human gastrointestinal microbiota) and health/disease, including brain health and disorders of the central nervous system. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a dynamic matrix of tissues and organs including the brain, glands, gut, immune cells and gastrointestinal microbiota that communicate in a complex multidirectional manner to maintain homeostasis. Changes in this environment can lead to a broad spectrum of physiological and behavioural effects including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, and altered activity of neurotransmitter systems and immune function. While an appropriate, co-ordinated physiological response, such as an immune or stress response are necessary for survival, a dysfunctional response can be detrimental to the host contributing to the development of a number of CNS disorders. In this review, the involvement of the gastrointestinal microbiota in stress-mediated and immune-mediated modulation of neuroendocrine, immune and neurotransmitter systems and the consequential behaviour is considered. We also focus on the mechanisms by which commensal gut microbiota can regulate neuroinflammation and further aim to exploit our understanding of their role in stress-related disorders as a consequence of neuroinflammatory processes.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.