ArticleJournal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine2017
Practical Immuno-PET Radiotracer Design Considerations for Human Immune Checkpoint Imaging.
Article in Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrated imaging and molecular analysis to decipher tumor microenvironment in the era of immunotherapy.Seminars in cancer biology · 2022Pooled it
- The Future of Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment and Surveillance: A Systemic Review on Immunotherapy and Immuno-PET Radiotracers.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Bibliometric analysis of programmed death ligand-1 positron emission tomography probe research: development, landscape, and technological evolution.Nuclear medicine communications · 2026Article
- The pathological landscape of tumor evolution: a paradigm shift from morphology to functional networks.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Are [18F]FDG PET/CT imaging and cell blood count-derived biomarkers robust non-invasive surrogates for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in early-stage breast cancer?Annals of nuclear medicine · 2025Article
- DGCR2 targeting affibody molecules for delivery of drugs and imaging reagents to human beta cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ultra-low dose immunoPET usingFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Development of an antigen-based approach to noninvasively image CAR T cells in real time and as a predictive tool.Science advances · 2024Article
- Development, Characterization, and Radiation Dosimetry Studies ofMolecular imaging and biology · 2024Article
- The role of radiotherapy in tumor immunity and the potential of PET/CT in detecting the expression of PD-1/PD-L1.Japanese journal of radiology · 2024Review
- Cell Model for Testing Pharmaceuticals Targeting Human PD-L1.Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2024Article
- Preclinical evaluation and pilot clinical study of [European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2023Article
- Advances in PET/CT Imaging for Breast Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and radiological picture of the tumor.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Monitoring of Current Cancer Therapy by Positron Emission Tomography and Possible Role of Radiomics Assessment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Development of Radiotracers for Imaging of the PD-1/PD-L1 Axis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Imaging immunity in patients with cancer using positron emission tomography.NPJ precision oncology · 2022Review
- Molecular Immune Targeted Imaging of Tumor Microenvironment.Nanotheranostics · 2022Review
- Article
- In Vivo Evaluation and Dosimetry Estimate for a High Affinity Affibody PET Tracer Targeting PD-L1.Molecular imaging and biology · 2021Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a promising cancer treatment paradigm. Unfortunately, there are still a large number of patients and malignancies that do not respond to therapy. A major barrier to validating biomarkers for the prediction and monitoring of responders to clinical checkpoint blockade has been the lack of imaging tools to accurately assess dynamic immune checkpoint expression. Here, we sought to optimize noninvasive immuno-PET imaging of human programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, in a preclinical model, using a small high-affinity engineered protein scaffold (HAC-PD1). Six HAC-PD1 radiotracer variants were developed and used in preclinical imaging and biodistribution studies to assess their ability to detect human PD-L1 expression in vivo. Radiotracer design modifications included chelate, glycosylation, and radiometal. HACA-PD1 was adopted as the naming convention for aglycosylated tracer variants. NOD scid γ-(NSG) mice were inoculated with subcutaneous tumors engineered to either be constitutively positive (CT26 hPD-L1) or be negative (ΔmPD-L1 CT26) for human PD-L1 expression. When the tumors had grown to an average size of 1 cm in diameter, mice were injected with 0.75-2.25 MBq (∼10 μg) of an engineered radiotracer variant and imaged. At 1 h after injection, organs were harvested for biodistribution. Of the practical immuno-PET tracer modifications considered, glycosylation was the most prominent design factor affecting tracer uptake, specificity, and clearance. In imaging studies, aglycosylated
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.