SynthesisMedicine2016
The association of serum magnesium and mortality outcomes in heart failure patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Letter to the editor: dysmagnesemia with acute kidney injury among older adults: clinical characteristics and prognostic importance.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Association between magnesium oxide use and readmission risk in patients with heart failure and constipation.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Risk of Postoperative Hypermagnesemia in Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Assisted Cardiovascular Surgery.Kidney360 · 2025Article
- Magnesium depletion scores as a risk factor for prevalence and mortality rates of urinary incontinence: a national survey analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Dysmagnesemia with acute kidney injury among older adults: clinical characteristics and prognostic importance.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Article
- Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and health outcomes of dysmagnesemia measured by ionized and total body concentrations among medically hospitalized patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy with heart failure: A rare Case report.Clinical case reports · 2024Article
- Hypermagnesemia is associated with poor outcomes during hospitalization.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Article
- Development and validation of a novel combinatorial nomogram model to predict in-hospital deaths in heart failure patients.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Article
- Impact of comorbid constipation on the survival of patients with heart failure: a multicenter, prospective cohort study conducted in Japan.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Massive Transfusion Increases Serum Magnesium Concentration.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- A senile case of heart failure associated with hypermagnesemia induced by magnesium-containing laxative agent.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Relationship Between Changes in Potassium Concentration and Arrhythmia During Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery.Anesthesiology and pain medicine · 2022Article
- Hypermagnesaemia, but Not Hypomagnesaemia, Is a Predictor of Inpatient Mortality in Critically Ill Children with Sepsis.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Machine learning-based risk prediction of malignant arrhythmia in hospitalized patients with heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2021Article
- The Association Between Exposure to Low Magnesium Blood Levels After Renal Transplantation and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Prognostic Value of Serum Magnesium in Mortality Risk among Patients on Hemodialysis: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Kidney diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The relationship between magnesium levels and mortality in the respiratory intensive care unit.Medicine · 2020Article
- Evolving understanding of cardiovascular protection by SGLT2 inhibitors: focus on renal protection, myocardial effects, uric acid, and magnesium balance.Current opinion in pharmacology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLow serum magnesium (Mg) has been independently shown to increase risk of heart failure (HF), but data on the association between serum Mg concentration and the outcome of patients with HF are conflicting. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prognostic effects of hypermagnesemia and hypomagnesemia on cardiovascular (CV) mortality and all-cause mortality (ACM) of patients with HF.
methodsRelevant studies were identified from Medline and Scopus databases. Included and excluded criteria were defined. Effects (i.e., log [risk ratio [RR]]) of hypomagnesemia and hypermagnesemia versus normomagnesemia were estimated using Poisson regression, and then a multivariate meta-analysis was applied for pooling RRs across studies. Heterogeneity was explored using a meta-regression and subgroup analysis.
resultsOn analysis, 7 eligible prospective studies yielded a total of 5172 chronic HF patients with 913 and 1438 deaths from CV and ACM, respectively. Most participants were elderly men with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction ≤40%. Those patients with baseline hypermagnesemia had a significantly higher risk of CV mortality (RR, 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.78) or ACM (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18-1.54) than those with baseline normomagnesemia. However, baseline hypomagnesemia was not associated with the risk of CV mortality (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.79-1.57) and ACM (RR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.87-1.41). A subgroup analysis by Mg cutoff suggested a dose-response trend for hypermagnesemia effects, that is, the pooled RRs for CV mortality were 1.28 (95% CI, 1.05-1.55) and 1.92 (95% CI, 1.00-3.68) for the cutoff of 0.89 to 1.00 and 1.05 to 1.70 mmol/L, respectively.
conclusionThe present systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that, in HF patients, hypermagnesemia with serum Mg ≥ 1.05 mmol/L was associated with an increased risk of CV mortality and ACM but this was not observed for hypomagnesemia. This finding was limited to the elderly patients with chronic HF who had reduced LV systolic function.
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