ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2017
Risk Factors for Hypoxia and Tachypnea Among Adolescents With Vertically-acquired HIV in Nairobi.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Once-Weekly Azithromycin vs Placebo in Children With HIV-Associated Chronic Lung Disease: The BREATHE Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2020Trial
- Surgery for bronchiectasis in children living with HIV: A case series from a low- to middle-income country.African journal of thoracic and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Shorter Granulocyte Telomeres Among Children and Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Chronic Lung Disease in Zimbabwe.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Chronic Lung Disease in Children and Adolescents in Zimbabwe: Chest Radiographic and High-Resolution Computed Tomographic Findings.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Article
- Bronchiectasis and other chronic lung diseases in adolescents living with HIV.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChronic lung diseases are increasingly recognized complications of vertically-acquired HIV among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa and may manifest with hypoxia or tachypnea. We sought to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for hypoxia and tachypnea among adolescents with vertically-acquired HIV in Nairobi, Kenya.
methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of 258 adolescents with vertically-acquired HIV who were initiating care at the Coptic Hope Center for Infectious Diseases. Adolescents with documented pneumonia were excluded. Hypoxia was defined as resting oxygen saturation ≤92%, and tachypnea was based on the 99th percentile of age-appropriate respiratory rates. Logistic regression models adjusted for demographics, and HIV severity estimated odds ratios for risk of hypoxia and tachypnea associated with potential risk factors.
resultsOverall, 11% of adolescents had hypoxia and 55% had tachypnea. Advanced HIV [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.41] and low CD4 (aOR: 1.74) were associated with greater hypoxia risk, but confidence intervals (CIs) were wide and included the null (95% CI: 0.93-6.23 and 0.69-4.39, respectively). Low CD4 (aOR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.39-4.32), current antiretroviral therapy use (aOR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.27-0.86) and stunted growth (aOR: 3.46, 95% CI: 1.94-6.18) were associated with altered tachypnea risk.
conclusionsHypoxia and tachypnea are common among adolescents with vertically-acquired HIV. There was a suggestion that advanced HIV and low CD4 were associated with greater hypoxia risk. Low CD4, lack of antiretroviral therapy use and stunted growth are risk factors for tachypnea. Our findings highlight the chronic lung disease burden in this population and may inform diagnostic algorithms.
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