ArticleMolecular neurobiology2018
Acetyl-L-Carnitine via Upegulating Dopamine D1 Receptor and Attenuating Microglial Activation Prevents Neuronal Loss and Improves Memory Functions in Parkinsonian Rats.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- L-Carnitine in the Treatment of Psychiatric and Neurological Manifestations: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Solute carrier membrane transporters: emerging targets in CNS disorders.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- The role of L-DOPA in neurological and neurodegenerative complications: a review.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- [Early lifeNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2025Article
- Article
- Dopamine D1 receptor agonist alleviates post-weaning isolation-induced neuroinflammation and depression-like behaviors in female mice.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2025Article
- Microbiome and metabolome integrated analysis: exploring potential diagnostic approaches for Parkinson's disease using tongue coating samples.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Synergistic Effect of Coenzyme Q10 and L-Carnitine on Gliosis and Anhedonia, in a Rat Model of Multiple Sclerosis: An Immunohistochemical Study.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury-induced neurodegeneration and inflammation is attenuated by acetyl-L-carnitine in a preclinical model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Apomorphine Reduces A53T α-Synuclein-Induced Microglial Reactivity Through Activation of NRF2 Signalling Pathway.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Article
- Review
- Blood neuroexosomal excitatory amino acid transporter-2 is associated with cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease with RBD.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Polydopamine nanoparticles attenuate retina ganglion cell degeneration and restore visual function after optic nerve injury.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2021Article
- Acetyl-L-carnitine confers neuroprotection against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced neuroinflammation by targeting TLR4/NFκB, autophagy, inflammation and oxidative stress.Metabolic brain disease · 2021Article
- Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson's Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Review
- Role of Nitric Oxide in Neurodegeneration: Function, Regulation, and Inhibition.Current neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Glutamic Acid Transporters: Targets for Neuroprotective Therapies in Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Dopamine and Neuroinflammation in Schizophrenia - Interpreting the Findings from Translocator Protein (18kDa) PET Imaging.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2021Review
- Inflammasome and Cognitive Symptoms in Human Diseases: Biological Evidence from Experimental Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is accompanied by nonmotor symptoms including cognitive impairment, which precede the onset of motor symptoms in patients and are regulated by dopamine (DA) receptors and the mesocorticolimbic pathway. The relative contribution of DA receptors and astrocytic glutamate transporter (GLT-1) in cognitive functions is largely unexplored. Similarly, whether microglia-derived increased immune response affects cognitive functions and neuronal survival is not yet understood. We have investigated the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) on cognitive functions and its possible underlying mechanism of action in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced hemiparkinsonian rats. ALCAR treatment in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats improved memory functions as confirmed by decreased latency time and path length in the Morris water maze test. ALCAR further enhanced D1 receptor levels without altering D2 receptor levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions, suggesting that the D1 receptor is preferentially involved in the regulation of cognitive functions. ALCAR attenuated microglial activation and release of inflammatory mediators through balancing proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which subsequently enhanced the survival of mature neurons in the CA1, CA3, and PFC regions and improved cognitive functions in hemiparkinsonian rats. ALCAR treatment also improved glutathione (GSH) content, while decreasing oxidative stress indices, inducible nitrogen oxide synthase (iNOS) levels, and astrogliosis resulting in the upregulation of GLT-1 levels. Additionally, ALCAR prevented the loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in ventral tagmental area (VTA)/substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) regions of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, thus maintaining the integrity of the nigrostriatal pathway. Together, these results demonstrate that ALCAR treatment in hemiparkinsonian rats ameliorates neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits, hence suggesting its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.