ArticleNature2016
The seahorse genome and the evolution of its specialized morphology.
Article in Nature, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 252 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Comparative Genomic Screening Identifies Developmental Constraint Loci Underscoring the Phenotypic Evolution of Syngnathids.Integrative zoology · 2026Article
- SCPP Gene Repertoires in Teleosts and Evolutionary Changes in Bone, Teeth, and Scales.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- New Record of Pipefish from the Coast of Mainland China with Phylogeography and Conservation Insights.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of seahorse male pregnancy.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Temperature adaptation in structure and function in lactate dehydrogenase-A reflects convergent evolution in a few key protein regions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Symbiosis with and mimicry of corals were facilitated by immune gene loss and body remodeling in the pygmy seahorse.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Adaptive loss of shortwave-sensitive opsins during cartilaginous fish evolution.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals adaptive evolution of the invasive Amazon sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis).Communications biology · 2025Article
- Genome of Kumamoto OysterEvolutionary applications · 2025Article
- Genetic Diversity and Environmental Adaptation Signatures of the Great Seahorse (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Novel function of Hox13 in regulating outgrowth of the newt hindlimb bud through interaction with Fgf10 and Tbx4.Development, growth & differentiation · 2025Article
- Advances in biotechnology and breeding innovations in China's marine aquaculture.Advanced biotechnology · 2024Review
- Decoding the fish genome opens a new era in important trait research and molecular breeding in China.Science China. Life sciences · 2024Review
- Genomic insights into the seawater adaptation in Cyprinidae.BMC biology · 2024Article
- Genomic screening of fish-specific genes in gnathostomes and their functions in fin development.Development, growth & differentiation · 2024Article
- The spotted parrotfish genome provides insights into the evolution of a coral reef dietary specialist (Teleostei: Labridae: Scarini:Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Evolutionary dynamics and functional characterization of proximal duplicated sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase genes in Rosaceae.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- WGCCRR: a web-based tool for genome-wide screening of convergent indels and substitutions of amino acids.Bioinformatics advances · 2024Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
34 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Seahorses have a specialized morphology that includes a toothless tubular mouth, a body covered with bony plates, a male brood pouch, and the absence of caudal and pelvic fins. Here we report the sequencing and de novo assembly of the genome of the tiger tail seahorse, Hippocampus comes. Comparative genomic analysis identifies higher protein and nucleotide evolutionary rates in H. comes compared with other teleost fish genomes. We identified an astacin metalloprotease gene family that has undergone expansion and is highly expressed in the male brood pouch. We also find that the H. comes genome lacks enamel matrix protein-coding proline/glutamine-rich secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein genes, which might have led to the loss of mineralized teeth. tbx4, a regulator of hindlimb development, is also not found in H. comes genome. Knockout of tbx4 in zebrafish showed a 'pelvic fin-loss' phenotype similar to that of seahorses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.