ArticlePloS one2016
Zoonotic Cryptosporidium Species in Animals Inhabiting Sydney Water Catchments.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryptosporidium in Rabbits: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence, Species/Genotypes Distribution and Zoonotic Significance.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- Cryptosporidium infections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2019Pooled it
- Large-scale molecular epidemiological survey ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Advancing genomics for waterborne pathogen surveillance in Australia.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Review
- Long-term molecular surveillance of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in wildlife in protected drinking water catchments.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Coprological and molecular prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in cattle and irrigation water from Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Waterborne protozoan and microsporidian parasites in Eurasian beavers (International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Molecular Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity ofCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Article
- Microeukaryotes Associated with Freshwater Mussels in Rivers of the Southeastern United States.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Zoonotic Cryptosporidium and Giardia in marsupials-an update.Parasitology research · 2024Review
- Mammal-related Cryptosporidium infections in endemic reptiles of New Zealand.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Review
- Molecular Detection ofVeterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Long-read assembly and comparative evidence-based reanalysis ofGenome research · 2022Article
- An Update on ZoonoticAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- Occurrence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, and Blastocystis sp. in captive wild animals in zoos in Henan, China.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- The prevalence and genetic characterisation ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2021Article
- Genetic Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Diverse Genotypes and Species ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is one of the most common zoonotic waterborne parasitic diseases worldwide and represents a major public health concern of water utilities in developed nations. As animals in catchments can shed human-infectious Cryptosporidium oocysts, determining the potential role of animals in dissemination of zoonotic Cryptosporidium to drinking water sources is crucial. In the present study, a total of 952 animal faecal samples from four dominant species (kangaroos, rabbits, cattle and sheep) inhabiting Sydney's drinking water catchments were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium using a quantitative PCR (qPCR) and positives sequenced at multiple loci. Cryptosporidium species were detected in 3.6% (21/576) of kangaroos, 7.0% (10/142) of cattle, 2.3% (3/128) of sheep and 13.2% (14/106) of rabbit samples screened. Sequence analysis of a region of the 18S rRNA locus identified C. macropodum and C. hominis in 4 and 17 isolates from kangaroos respectively, C. hominis and C. parvum in 6 and 4 isolates respectively each from cattle, C. ubiquitum in 3 isolates from sheep and C. cuniculus in 14 isolates from rabbits. All the Cryptosporidium species identified were zoonotic species with the exception of C. macropodum. Subtyping using the 5' half of gp60 identified C. hominis IbA10G2 (n = 12) and IdA15G1 (n = 2) in kangaroo faecal samples; C. hominis IbA10G2 (n = 4) and C. parvum IIaA18G3R1 (n = 4) in cattle faecal samples, C. ubiquitum subtype XIIa (n = 1) in sheep and C. cuniculus VbA23 (n = 9) in rabbits. Additional analysis of a subset of samples using primers targeting conserved regions of the MIC1 gene and the 3' end of gp60 suggests that the C. hominis detected in these animals represent substantial variants that failed to amplify as expected. The significance of this finding requires further investigation but might be reflective of the ability of this C. hominis variant to infect animals. The finding of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species in these animals may have important implications for the management of drinking water catchments to minimize risk to public health.
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