Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27966593›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

Subtype-specific structural constraints in the evolution of influenza A virus hemagglutinin genes.

Alexander P Gultyaev, Monique I Spronken, Mathilde Richard, Eefje J A Schrauwen, René C L Olsthoorn, Ron A M Fouchier

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Selective Genome Packaging Mechanisms of Influenza A Viruses.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Alexander P GultyaevDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Monique I SpronkenDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Mathilde RichardDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Eefje J A SchrauwenDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
René C L OlsthoornLeiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Ron A M FouchierDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Erasmus University Rotterdam · NLLeiden University · NL

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400008C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The influenza A virus genome consists of eight RNA segments. RNA structures within these segments and complementary (cRNA) and protein-coding mRNAs may play a role in virus replication. Here, conserved putative secondary structures that impose significant evolutionary constraints on the gene segment encoding the surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) were investigated using available sequence data on tens of thousands of virus strains. Structural constraints were identified by analysis of covariations of nucleotides suggested to be paired by structure prediction algorithms. The significance of covariations was estimated by mutual information calculations and tracing multiple covariation events during virus evolution. Covariation patterns demonstrated that structured domains in HA RNAs were mostly subtype-specific, whereas some structures were conserved in several subtypes. The influence of RNA folding on virus replication was studied by plaque assays of mutant viruses with disrupted structures. The results suggest that over the whole length of the HA segment there are local structured domains which contribute to the virus fitness but individually are not essential for the virus. Existence of subtype-specific structured regions in the segments of the influenza A virus genome is apparently an important factor in virus evolution and reassortment of its genes.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGenome, ViralHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusInfluenza A virusHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virushemagglutinin, human influenza A virus

Identifiers

PMID27966593
PMCPMC5155281
OpenAlexW2561926445

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.