SynthesisThorax2017
Respiratory symptoms in people living with HIV and the effect of antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Thorax, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of HIV on respiratory symptoms, health status, and exertional capacity.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Diverse Physical Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Observational Studies.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Pooled it
- High HIV and active tuberculosis prevalence and increased mortality risk in adults with symptoms of TB: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Pooled it
- Prevalence of respiratory viruses and nasal colonization by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among people living with HIV in Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Persistent pneumococcal colonisation in antiretroviral-treated HIV infection is associated with nasal inflammation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Unraveling the impact of indoor air pollution on respiratory health in people living with HIV within a high-prevalence HIV cohort.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Poorer Longitudinal Growth Among HIV Exposed Compared With Unexposed Infants in Kenya.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in People with HIV: an Evidence-Based Review.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Article
- Pulmonary Function and Quality of Life in Aging Men With and Without HIV from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- HIV-associated lung disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- COPD in People with HIV: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Prevention Strategies.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Review
- Pulmonary function tests and their associated factors in people living with HIV at Jimma medical center; Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Article
- Pulmonary and physical function limitations in aging men with and without HIV from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS).Annals of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease prevalence and associated factors in an urban HIV clinic in a low income country.PloS one · 2021Article
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV.Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2021Review
- Lung function in men with and without HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Observational
- Observational
- Systematic identification and referral of smokers attending HIV ambulatory care highlights the failure of current service provision in an at-risk population.BMJ open respiratory research · 2019Observational
- Factors associated with physical function capacity in an urban cohort of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus in South Africa.The South African journal of physiotherapy · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly altered the pattern of acute and chronic HIV-related disease. However, it is not clear what this means in terms of respiratory symptoms. We sought to investigate the association between HIV status and respiratory symptoms and how these have changed with the availability of ART.
methodsWe searched Cochrane, Medline and Embase databases for studies published between 1946 and August 2015 comparing the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in populations with and without HIV infection. We undertook random effects meta-analysis of the main symptoms reported. We studied heterogeneity and completed sensitivity analyses and funnel plots.
resultsFrom 5788 unique references identified, 24 papers provided relevant data: 18 documented the prevalence of cough and 11 examined the prevalence of breathlessness among other symptoms reported. Compared with the HIV negative, people living with HIV (PLWH) were more likely to have respiratory symptoms with pooled ORs for the prevalence of cough of 3.05 (95% CI 2.24 to 4.16) in resource-limited populations without access to ART; 2.18 (1.56 to 3.18) in resource-rich populations without access to ART and 1.11 (0.99 to 1.24) in resource-rich populations with access to ART. In resource-rich settings, although the availability of ART was associated with a reduction in the difference between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, PLWH were more likely to report breathlessness, OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.73).
conclusionsRespiratory symptoms are more common in PLWH than controls. This association persists although at a reduced level in populations with access to ART.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.