Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27965255›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2016

Psychometric evaluation of the Holden Communication Scale (HCS) for persons with dementia.

Benedicte Sørensen Strøm, Knut Engedal, Jūratė Šaltytė Benth, Ellen-Karine Grov

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readMulticenter StudyValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04168463 (Exploring Use of Companion Robot Pets for Older Adults in Care Homes, an 8-month Stepped-wedge, Cluster Randomised Control Trial.), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04168463 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Exploring Use of Companion Robot Pets for Older Adults in Care Homes, an 8-month Stepped-wedge, Cluster Randomised Control Trial.

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of PlymouthRan2020 to 2021Enrolled83ConditionsAging, Dementia, Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, WellbeingArmsTwo Joy for All robots (one cat and one dog)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Benedicte Sørensen StrømVID Specialized University, Center for Diakonia and Professional Practice, Oslo, Norway.
Knut EngedalNorwegian Advisory Unit for Aging and Health, Vestfold Hospital HF, Tønsberg, Norway.
Jūratė Šaltytė BenthInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway.
Ellen-Karine GrovOslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University · NOSykehuset i Vestfold · NOUniversity of Oslo · NOVID Specialized University · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties of the Holden Communication Scale (HCS) and the association between scores on HCS and cognitive function among persons with dementia.

methodInternal consistency was assessed by the Cronbach's α coefficient and inter-item correlations. Test-retest was carried out to test the instrument's stability. An exploratory factor analysis with the principal components extraction method and oblimin rotation was performed to evaluate construct validity. Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to explore associations between the scores on the HCS and cognitive function.

resultsA total of 128 persons with moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment (mean Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score 8.9 (SD 7.0)) participated. The mean age was 85.2 (SD 7.2) and 101 of the participants were women. The Cronbach's α of the HCS was 0.94 and test-retest reliability was r=0.71. The corrected item-total correlation ranged from 0.63 to 0.79 and factor analysis showed a 1-factor structure of the HCS, which explained 63% of the variance. However, a forced 3-factor structure explained 76% of the variance. The correlation between cognitive function as measured by the MMSE and ability to communicate as measured with HCS was found to be moderate for those with an MMSE score of 0-10 (-0.61) and low for persons with an MMSE score of 11-20 (-0.06).

conclusionsThe HCS is a reliable and valid scale for assessing communication ability in persons with moderate and severe cognitive impairment, and might have a 1-factor or 3-factor structure.

Indexed as

CommunicationPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesSeverity of Illness IndexAgedAged, 80 and overCognition DisordersDementiaFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansIrelandMaleNeuropsychological TestsPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsCognitive impairmentElderlyExploratory factor analysisHolden Communication ScalePsychometric analysis

Identifiers

PMID27965255
PMCPMC5168700
OpenAlexW2566523311

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.