Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27956641›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

On the role of water density fluctuations in the inhibition of a proton channel.

Eleonora Gianti, Lucie Delemotte, Michael L Klein, Vincenzo Carnevale

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. HInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  2. Fluctuating hydrogen-bond network of the Hv1 ion channel.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Transcendent Aspects of Proton Channels.Annual review of physiology · 2024
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Trapping Charge Mechanism in Hv1 Channels (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Voltage-dependent structural models of the human Hv1 proton channel from long-timescale molecular dynamics simulations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Hydrophobic gasket mutation produces gating pore currents in closed human voltage-gated proton channels.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Eleonora GiantiInstitute for Computational Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122.
Lucie DelemotteLaboratory of Computational Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Michael L KleinInstitute for Computational Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122; mlklein@temple.edu vincenzo.carnevale@temple.edu.
Vincenzo CarnevaleInstitute for Computational Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122; mlklein@temple.edu vincenzo.carnevale@temple.edu.
Temple University · USÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne · CH

Funding

X-ray and Neutron Interferometry Studies of Anesthetic Interactions with VoltageP01GM055876 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI LOLL, PATRICK J · 1997 to 2017
$22.4M
Regulation of the Intestinal Ca2+ Channels TRPV6R01GM093290 · NIGMS · UNIV OF MED/DENT OF NJ-NJ MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI CARNEVALE, VINCENZO, ROHACS, TIBOR · 2011 to 2025
$4.9M
Computer Cluster for Computational Biology and BiophysicsS10OD020095 · OD · TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH · PI LEVY, RONALD · 2015 to 2015
$442k
NIGMS NIH HHS P01 GM055876NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM093290NIH HHS S10 OD020095
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hv1 is a transmembrane four-helix bundle that transports protons in a voltage-controlled manner. Its crucial role in many pathological conditions, including cancer and ischemic brain damage, makes Hv1 a promising drug target. Starting from the recently solved crystal structure of Hv1, we used structural modeling and molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the channel's most relevant conformations along the activation cycle. We then performed computational docking of known Hv1 inhibitors, 2-guanidinobenzimidazole (2GBI) and analogs. Although salt-bridge patterns and electrostatic potential profiles are well-defined and distinctive features of activated versus nonactivated states, the water distribution along the channel lumen is dynamic and reflects a conformational heterogeneity inherent to each state. In fact, pore waters assemble into intermittent hydrogen-bonded clusters that are replaced by the inhibitor moieties upon ligand binding. The entropic gain resulting from releasing these conformationally restrained waters to the bulk solvent is likely a major contributor to the binding free energy. Accordingly, we mapped the water density fluctuations inside the pore of the channel and identified the regions of maximum fluctuation within putative binding sites. Two sites appear as outstanding: One is the already known binding pocket of 2GBI, which is accessible to ligands from the intracellular side; the other is a site located at the exit of the proton permeation pathway. Our analysis of the waters confined in the hydrophobic cavities of Hv1 suggests a general strategy for drug discovery that can be applied to any ion channel.

Indexed as

Ion Channel GatingAnimalsBinding SitesHydrogenHydrogen BondingHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsIon ChannelsMiceMolecular ConformationMolecular Dynamics SimulationProtein BindingProtonsReactive Oxygen SpeciesStatic ElectricityThermodynamicsWaterHv1 proton channel, mouseHydrogenIon ChannelsProtonsReactive Oxygen SpeciesWaterbinding site discoveryconfined watersdrug designHv1pore waters

Identifiers

PMID27956641
PMCPMC5206518
OpenAlexW2567177455

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.