ReviewBMC pregnancy and childbirth2016
Implications of methodological differences in measuring the rates of exclusive breastfeeding in Nepal: findings from literature review and cohort study.
Review in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Association Between Exclusive Breastfeeding and Diarrhoea Morbidity in Infants Aged 0-6 Months: A Rapid Review and Meta-Analysis.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Improving Breastfeeding by Empowering Mothers in Vietnam: A Randomised Controlled Trial of a Mobile App.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Trial
- Article
- Exclusive breastfeeding practices in Afghanistan: evidence from the 2022-2023 multiple indicator cluster survey.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding among infants under six months in Nepal: multilevel analysis of nationally representative household survey data.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Measuring breastfeeding prevalence using demographic and health surveys.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Challenging the utility of 24-hour recall of exclusive breast feeding in Japan.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- Mapping regional variability of exclusive breastfeeding and its determinants at different infant's age in Tanzania.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Trends of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices and Its Determinants in Tanzania from 1999 to 2016.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Influence of breastfeeding education and support on predominant breastfeeding: Findings from a community-based prospective cohort study in Western Nepal.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Exclusive Breastfeeding and Childhood Morbidity: A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Exclusive breastfeeding: Measurement to match the global recommendation.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Article
- Frequency and Determinants of Breastfeeding in Greece: A Prospective Cohort Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Role of clusters in exclusive breastfeeding practices in Tanzania: A secondary analysis study using demographic and health survey data (2015/2016).Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Healthy Habits and Emotional Balance in Women during the Postpartum Period: Differences between Term and Preterm Delivery.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- One-week recall period gives a more accurate estimate of exclusive breastfeeding practice than 24-h recall among infants younger than six months of age.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Article
- Determinant of Mother's Health Promotional Measures Practice of Infant with Age 6-12 Months in a Tertiary Hospital of Nepal.Advances in preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Validation of maternal recall on exclusive breastfeeding 12 months after childbirth.Public health nutrition · 2020Article
- Association between Maternal Postpartum Depression, Stress, Optimism, and Breastfeeding Pattern in the First Six Months.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Breastfeeding Practices of Ethnic Minorities in China: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study of 10,408 Mothers.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCorrect measurement and continuous monitoring of exclusive breastfeeding are essential to promote exclusive breastfeeding. Measuring exclusive breastfeeding is a complex issue as rates can vary according to the definition, measurement period, questions asked, and infant's age. This article reviewed the methodology of reporting exclusive breastfeeding in Nepal, and compared exclusive breastfeeding rates using data from a cohort study undertaken in western Nepal.
methodsA literature review was first conducted on studies published during 2000-2014. In our cohort study, 735 mother-infant pairs were recruited within the first month postpartum and followed up during the fourth and sixth months.
resultsThe majority of studies in Nepal, including national surveys, used the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended definition (only breastmilk with the exception of medicine and vitamin syrup), and the most common measurement period was a 24-h recall. Our data demonstrated that the exclusive breastfeeding rate during the sixth month was 8.9% using the recall-since-birth method but was 18.7% using the 24-h recall method. Substantial differences in rates were also found during the first (66.3% vs 83.9%) and fourth months (39.2% vs 61.1%).
conclusionWe found that recent studies reporting exclusive breastfeeding in Nepal varied considerably in methodology. The most commonly used measurement, the 24-h recall, leads to over-estimation of the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding when compared to the recall-since-birth method. A common standard of reporting exclusive breastfeeding is clearly needed for evidence-based decision making.
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