Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27941968›Full record

ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2016

Reactive Case Detection for Plasmodium vivax Malaria Elimination in Rural Amazonia.

Pablo S Fontoura, Bruna F Finco, Nathália F Lima, Jaques F de Carvalho, Joseph M Vinetz, Márcia C Castro, Marcelo U Ferreira

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Malaria infection prevalence and sensitivity of reactive case detection in Zanzibar.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Pablo S FontouraDepartment of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Bruna F FincoDepartment of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Nathália F LimaDepartment of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Jaques F de CarvalhoDepartment of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Joseph M VinetzDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America.
Márcia C CastroDepartment of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America.
Marcelo U FerreiraDepartment of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Universidade de São Paulo · BRHarvard Global Health Institute · USUniversity of California, San Diego · US

Funding

Sugar-feeding behavior of the malaria vector Nyssorhynchus darlingi and development of effective attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB) to increase intervention success in PeruU19AI089681 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI VINETZ, JOSEPH M. · 2010 to 2023
$20.1M
NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI089681
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMalaria burden in Brazil has reached its lowest levels in 35 years and Plasmodium vivax now accounts for 84% of cases countrywide. Targeting residual malaria transmission entrenched in the Amazon is the next major challenge for ongoing elimination efforts. Better strategies are urgently needed to address the vast reservoir of asymptomatic P. vivax carriers in this and other areas approaching malaria elimination.

methodsWe evaluated a reactive case detection (RCD) strategy tailored for P. vivax transmission in farming settlements in the Amazon Basin of Brazil. Over six months, 41 cases detected by passive surveillance triggered four rounds of RCD (0, 30, 60, and 180 days after index case enrollment), using microscopy- and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based diagnosis, comprising subjects sharing the household (HH) with the index case (n = 163), those living in the 5 nearest HHs within 3 km (n = 878), and individuals from 5 randomly chosen control HHs located > 5 km away from index cases (n = 841). Correlates of infection were identified with mixed-effects logistic regression models. Molecular genotyping was used to infer local parasite transmission networks. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS/

conclusionsSubjects in index and neighbor HHs were significantly more likely to be parasitemic than control HH members, after adjusting for potential confounders, and together harbored > 90% of the P. vivax biomass in study subjects. Clustering patterns were temporally stable. Four rounds of microscopy-based RCD would identify only 49.5% of the infections diagnosed by qPCR, but 76.8% of the total parasite biomass circulating in the proximity of index HHs. However, control HHs accounted for 27.6% of qPCR-positive samples, 92.6% of them from asymptomatic carriers beyond the reach of RCD. Molecular genotyping revealed high P. vivax diversity, consistent with complex transmission networks and multiple sources of infection within clusters, potentially complicating malaria elimination efforts.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAsymptomatic InfectionsBrazilChildChild, PreschoolCost of IllnessDisease EradicationFamily CharacteristicsFemaleGenetic VariationHumansInfantMalaria, Vivax

Identifiers

PMID27941968
PMCPMC5179126
OpenAlexW2561671650

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.