Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27941759›Full record

ArticleNature chemical biology2017

Rewiring human cellular input-output using modular extracellular sensors.

Kelly A Schwarz, Nichole M Daringer, Taylor B Dolberg, Joshua N Leonard

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature chemical biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed
7.9field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 156 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  8. Gene regulation technologies for gene and cell therapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  9. The lives of cells, recorded.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
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  16. Review
  17. Review
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  19. Cell Surface Engineering Tools for Programming Living Assemblies.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023
    Review
  20. Article

19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kelly A SchwarzDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Nichole M DaringerDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Taylor B DolbergDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Joshua N LeonardDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
Northwestern University · US

Funding

Tumor Environment and Metastasis (TEAM) Research ProgramP30CA060553 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Daniela E Matei · 1993 to 2026
$153.9M
Developing Capacity to Evaluate Training Programs via Development of Human, Institutional and Social CapitalT32GM008449 · NIGMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI LEONARD, JOSHUA NATHANIEL · 1993 to 2023
$7.8M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA060553NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008449
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Engineered cell-based therapies comprise a promising emerging strategy for treating diverse diseases. Realizing this promise requires new tools for engineering cells to sense and respond to soluble extracellular factors, which provide information about both physiological state and the local environment. Here, we report such a biosensor engineering strategy, leveraging a self-contained receptor-signal transduction system termed modular extracellular sensor architecture (MESA). We developed MESA receptors that enable cells to sense vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and, in response, secrete interleukin 2 (IL-2). By implementing these receptors in human T cells, we created a customized function not observed in nature-an immune cell that responds to a normally immunosuppressive cue (VEGF) by producing an immunostimulatory factor (IL-2). Because this platform utilizes modular, engineerable domains for ligand binding (antibodies) and output (programmable transcription factors based upon Cas9), this approach may be readily extended to novel inputs and outputs. This generalizable approach for rewiring cellular functions could enable both translational applications and fundamental biological research.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesAntibodiesHumansInterleukin-2T-LymphocytesTranscription FactorsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AAntibodiesInterleukin-2Transcription FactorsVascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Identifiers

PMID27941759
PMCPMC11536266
OpenAlexW2561362082

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.