ReviewAmerican journal of epidemiology2017
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and the Risk of Ovarian Cancer and Borderline Ovarian Tumors: A Pooled Analysis of 13 Case-Control Studies.
Review in American journal of epidemiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between pelvic inflammatory disease and risk of ovarian, uterine, cervical, and vaginal cancers-a meta-analysis.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Pooled it
- Association Between Benign Ovarian Tumors and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Ten Epidemiological Studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing the relationship between statin use and risk of ovarian cancer.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2020Pooled it
- Pelvic inflammatory disease and the risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2017Pooled it
- Platelet activation and eicosanoid signaling in ovarian cancer: implications for biomarker development.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- PARP inhibitors in the treatment of ovarian cancer: a narrative review.Translational cancer research · 2026Review
- Pregnancy with vitrified oocytes after fertility sparing surgery in a patient with fallopian tube cancer and a BRCA2 mutation: A case report and literature review.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Inducing factors and complication risks of pelvic inflammatory disease: a review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Thyroid hormones and epithelial ovarian cancer risk and survival: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Risk of ovarian cancer in women with pelvic inflammatory disease and homologous recombination repair gene mutations under 55: a population-based cohort study.Journal of gynecologic oncology · 2025Article
- Pelvic inflammatory disease and risk of borderline ovarian tumors: A national population-based case-control study in Sweden.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Appraisal of the causal effect ofmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic Analysis of Hub Genes Reveals Associated Inflammatory Pathways in Estrogen-Dependent Gynecological Diseases.Biology · 2024Article
- Global epidemiology of epithelial ovarian cancer.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Low-dose aspirin use and risk of ovarian cancer: a combined analysis from two nationwide studies in Denmark and Sweden.British journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Review
- Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Toward Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Among Women in Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2023Article
- The Role of Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Inflammation-Induced Carcinogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Crosstalk of Immune Cells and Platelets in an Ovarian Cancer Microenvironment and Their Prognostic Significance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The correlation between women's various gynaecological diseases to ovarian cancer in Sulaimaniyah City, Iraq.The Journal of international medical research · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
29 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammation has been implicated in ovarian carcinogenesis. However, studies investigating the association between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and ovarian cancer risk are few and inconsistent. We investigated the association between PID and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer according to tumor behavior and histotype. We pooled data from 13 case-control studies, conducted between 1989 and 2009, from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC), including 9,162 women with ovarian cancers, 2,354 women with borderline tumors, and 14,736 control participants. Study-specific odds ratios were estimated and subsequently combined into a pooled odds ratio using a random-effects model. A history of PID was associated with an increased risk of borderline tumors (pooled odds ratio (pOR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 1.58). Women with at least 2 episodes of PID had a 2-fold increased risk of borderline tumors (pOR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.08, 4.24). No association was observed between PID and ovarian cancer risk overall (pOR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.83, 1.19); however, a statistically nonsignificantly increased risk of low-grade serous tumors (pOR = 1.48, 95% CI: 0.92, 2.38) was noted. In conclusion, PID was associated with an increased risk of borderline ovarian tumors, particularly among women who had had multiple episodes of PID. Although our results indicated a histotype-specific association with PID, the association of PID with ovarian cancer risk is still somewhat uncertain and requires further investigation.
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