SynthesisPediatrics2016
HIV-Associated Cognitive Impairment in Perinatally Infected Children: A Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Pediatrics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Associations between Neuroimaging Measures and Cognitive Performance in Children, Adolescents, and Youth Living With HIV-a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Pooled it
- Attention and memory after COVID-19 as measured by neuropsychological tests: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta psychologica · 2023Pooled it
- Association of HIV infection and cognitive impairment in older adults: A meta-analysis.Ageing research reviews · 2021Pooled it
- School functioning of children with perinatal HIV-infection in high-income countries: A systematic review.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Frascati-Criteria-Based HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) in HIV-Infected Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions for developmental delays in children born to HIV-infected mothers: a systematic review.AIDS care · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Value of a Motor Intervention for 3 to 6-Year-Old Children Infected with and Affected by HIV.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Growth, clinical and neurodevelopmental outcomes at school age are similar for children who received 1-year lamivudine or lopinavir/ritonavir HIV prophylaxis in early life.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Trajectory Analysis of Cognitive Outcomes in Children With Perinatal HIV.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2019Trial
- Improved Neurodevelopment After Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2018Trial
- Tablet-Based Neurocognitive Tests for Ugandan Adolescents Living With HIV: Cross-Sectional Validation Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Unique Oral Microbiota Signatures and Neurocognitive Function in Adolescents with and without Perinatally Acquired HIV.Research square · 2026Article
- Effects of HIV and Adverse Childhood Experiences on Neurocognition.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Age Acceleration, Neurocognition and Oral Health in Nigerian Adolescents With and Without HIV.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Article
- Cognitive performance in adolescents with perinatally-acquired HIV and associations with oral health in Nigeria.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Executive Function and Adherence in Children and Adolescents Living With HIV: Evidence From the HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Zambia (HANDZ) Study.Journal of child neurology · 2026Article
- Brain MRI and neurocognitive characteristics of children and adolescents living with HIV.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2026Article
- Caregiver assessment of executive function deficits among HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected preschool children in Kenya.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextResearch shows, conclusively, that perinatal HIV infection has negative effects on cognitive functioning of children and adolescents. However, the extent of these cognitive impairments is unknown. Current literature does not document specific cognitive domains most affected in HIV-infected children and adolescents.
objectiveTo systematically review and meta-analyze the degree of cognitive impairment, and the specific cognitive domains affected, in children and adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV infection. DATA SOURCES: We systematically searched 5 electronic bibliographic databases, namely: PubMed, PsychINFO, Academic Search Premier, Scopus, and WorldCat, by using a search protocol specifically designed for this study. STUDY SELECTION: Studies were selected on the basis of set a priori eligibility criteria. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were assessed by 2 independent reviewers. DATA EXTRACTION: Data from included studies were extracted into Microsoft Excel by 2 independent reviewers.
resultsTwenty-two studies were identified for inclusion in the systematic review and of this, 6 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results from the meta-analysis indicated that working memory and executive function were the domains most affected by the HIV virus. LIMITATIONS: Only 27% of the included studies were suitable to enter into the meta-analysis. There was significant geographic bias in published studies, with only 32% (7/22) of included studies from sub-Saharan Africa.
conclusionsThe evidence supports an association between HIV infection in children and adolescents and cognitive impairment in the domains of working memory, executive function and processing speed, with effect size estimates also providing some support for deficits in visual memory and visual-spatial ability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.