Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27940066›Full record

ArticleInternational journal for parasitology2017

Fasciola hepatica demonstrates high levels of genetic diversity, a lack of population structure and high gene flow: possible implications for drug resistance.

Nicola J Beesley, Diana J L Williams, Steve Paterson, Jane Hodgkinson

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal for parasitology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
15.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Multi-marker analysis ofParasitology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Pilot study on the population genetics structure ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025
    Article
  8. Genetic characterization of Fasciola hepatica (Linnaeus, 1758) in cattle from Paraná, Brazil.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Advancement in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Vaccines againstPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Fascioliasis.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Hatchability ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Molecular Characterization ofInfection and drug resistance · 2023
    Article
  19. Economic losses, morpho-molecular identification, and identity ofJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2022
    Article
  20. Fasciolosis-An Increasing Challenge in the Sheep Industry.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nicola J BeesleyVeterinary Parasitology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK. Electronic address: nbeesley@liverpool.ac.uk.
Diana J L WilliamsVeterinary Parasitology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK.
Steve PatersonCentre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.
Jane HodgkinsonVeterinary Parasitology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5RF, UK.
University of Liverpool · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/I002480/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fasciola hepatica, the liver fluke, is a trematode parasite of considerable economic importance to the livestock industry and is a re-emerging zoonosis that poses a risk to human health in F. hepatica-endemic areas worldwide. Drug resistance is a substantial threat to the current and future control of F. hepatica, yet little is known about how the biology of the parasite influences the development and spread of resistance. Given that F. hepatica can self-fertilise and therefore inbreed, there is the potential for greater population differentiation and an increased likelihood of recessive alleles, such as drug resistance genes, coming together. This could be compounded by clonal expansion within the snail intermediate host and aggregation of parasites of the same genotype on pasture. Alternatively, widespread movement of animals that typically occurs in the UK could promote high levels of gene flow and prevent population differentiation. We identified clonal parasites with identical multilocus genotypes in 61% of hosts. Despite this, 84% of 1579 adult parasites had unique multilocus genotypes, which supports high levels of genotypic diversity within F. hepatica populations. Our analyses indicate a selfing rate no greater than 2%, suggesting that this diversity is in part due to the propensity for F. hepatica to cross-fertilise. Finally, although we identified high genetic diversity within a given host, there was little evidence for differentiation between populations from different hosts, indicating a single panmictic population. This implies that, once those emerge, anthelmintic resistance genes have the potential to spread rapidly through liver fluke populations.

Indexed as

AllelesAnimalsAnthelminticsCattleCattle DiseasesDNA, MitochondrialDrug ResistanceFasciola hepaticaFascioliasisFemaleGene FlowGenes, HelminthGenetic LociGenetics, PopulationGenetic VariationGenome, HelminthAnthelminticsDNA, MitochondrialAnthelmintic resistanceDiversityFasciola hepaticaGene flowMicrosatellitesPopulation geneticsSelf-fertilisation

Identifiers

PMID27940066
PMCPMC5264428
OpenAlexW2560404322

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.