ArticleMolecular therapy oncolytics2016
Genetic engineering of chimeric antigen receptors using lamprey derived variable lymphocyte receptors.
Article in Molecular therapy oncolytics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolutionary Comparative Analyses of DNA-Editing Enzymes of the Immune System: From 5-Dimensional Description of Protein Structures to Immunological Insights and Applications to Protein Engineering.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Multi-dimensional orchestration of binders for improved CAR-T immunotherapy.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- Tonic signaling in CAR-T therapy: the lever long enough to move the planet.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
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- CAR-T cell potency: from structural elements to vector backbone components.Biomarker research · 2022Review
- Article
- Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein (DARPin) to target chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-redirected T cells towards CD4Medical microbiology and immunology · 2020Article
- Non-signaling Chimeric Antigen Receptors Enhance Antigen-Directed Killing by γδ T Cells in Contrast to αβ T Cells.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2020Article
- Development of smart anti-glycan reagents using immunized lampreys.Communications biology · 2020Article
- Targeting T cell malignancies using CAR-based immunotherapy: challenges and potential solutions.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2019Review
- Generation of Lamprey Monoclonal Antibodies (Lampribodies) Using the Phage Display System.Biomolecules · 2019Article
- CAR-NK cell therapeutics for hematologic malignancies: hope is on the horizon.Blood science (Baltimore, Md.) · 2019Article
- The variable lymphocyte receptor as an antibody alternative.Current opinion in biotechnology · 2018Review
- VLR Recognition of TLR5 Expands the Molecular Characterization of Protein Antigen Binding by Non-Ig-based Antibodies.Journal of molecular biology · 2018Article
- Improving T-cell expansion and function for adoptive T-cell therapy using ex vivo treatment with PI3Kδ inhibitors and VIP antagonists.Blood advances · 2018Article
- VEGFR2-specific FnCAR effectively redirects the cytotoxic activity of T cells and YT NK cells.Oncotarget · 2018Article
- Article
- A method for facile production of variable lymphocyte receptors using SHuffle Escherichia coli.Biotechnology progressArticle
- Engineering Chimeric Antigen Receptors.Acta naturaeArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are used to redirect effector cell specificity to selected cell surface antigens. Using CARs, antitumor activity can be initiated in patients with no prior tumor specific immunity. Although CARs have shown promising clinical results, the technology remains limited by the availability of specific cognate cell target antigens. To increase the repertoire of targetable tumor cell antigens we utilized the immune system of the sea lamprey to generate directed variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs). VLRs serve as membrane bound and soluble immune effectors analogous but not homologous to immunoglobulins. They have a fundamentally different structure than immunoglobulin (Ig)-based antibodies while still demonstrating high degrees of specificity and affinity. To test the functionality of VLRs as the antigen recognition domain of CARs, two VLR-CARs were created. One contained a VLR specific for a murine B cell leukemia and the other contained a VLR specific for the human T cell surface antigen, CD5. The CAR design consisted of the VLR sequence, myc-epitope tag, CD28 transmembrane domain, and intracellular CD3ζ signaling domain. We demonstrate proof of concept, including gene transfer, biosynthesis, cell surface localization, and effector cell activation for multiple VLR-CAR designs. Therefore, VLRs provide an alternative means of CAR-based cancer recognition.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.