Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27932290›Full record

ReviewThe Lancet. Respiratory medicine2017

The diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: current and future approaches.

Fernando J Martinez, Alison Chisholm, Harold R Collard, Kevin R Flaherty, Jeffrey Myers, Ganesh Raghu, Simon L F Walsh, Eric S White, Luca Richeldi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Lancet. Respiratory medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  15. Cancers · 2025
    Review
  16. Advances in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis diagnosis and treatment.Chinese medical journal pulmonary and critical care medicine · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Fernando J MartinezJoan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: fjm2003@med.cornell.edu.
Alison ChisholmRespiratory Effectiveness Group, Cambridge, UK.
Harold R CollardDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kevin R FlahertyDivision of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Jeffrey MyersDepartment of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Ganesh RaghuDivision of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Simon L F WalshDepartment of Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.
Eric S WhiteDivision of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Luca RicheldiCatholic University of the Sacred Heart, A. Gemelli University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK.

Funding

Study of Co-trimoxazole and Proton Pump Inhibition Using Pragmatic Design in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - CleanUP-IPFU01HL128964 · NHLBI · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI ANSTROM, KEVIN J, MARTINEZ, FERNANDO J · 2015 to 2018
$1.6M
NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100018CNHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL128964
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

With the recent development of two effective treatments for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, an accurate diagnosis is crucial. The traditional approach to diagnosis emphasises the importance of thorough clinical and laboratory evaluations to exclude secondary causes of disease. High-resolution CT is a critical initial diagnostic test and acts as a tool to identify patients who should undergo surgical lung biopsy to secure a definitive histological diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia pattern. This diagnostic approach faces several challenges. Many patients with suspected idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis present with atypical high-resolution CT characteristics but are unfit for surgical lung biopsy, therefore preventing a confident diagnosis. The state of the art suggests an iterative, multidisciplinary process that incorporates available clinical, laboratory, imaging, and histological features. Recent research has explored genomic techniques to molecularly phenotype patients with interstitial lung disease. In the future, clinicians will probably use blood-specific or lung-specific molecular markers in combination with other clinical, physiological, and imaging features to enhance diagnostic efforts, refine prognostic recommendations, and influence the initial or subsequent treatment options. There is an urgent and increasing need for well designed, large, prospective studies measuring the effect of different diagnostic approaches. Ultimately, this will help to inform the development of guidelines and tailor clinical practice for the benefit of patients.

Indexed as

BiopsyDiagnosis, DifferentialHumansIdiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisLungSymptom AssessmentTomography, X-Ray Computed

Identifiers

PMID27932290
PMCPMC5524148

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.