Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27931199›Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2016

Infant formula feeding practices in a prospective population based study.

Hazel Ann Smith, Jonathan O'B Hourihane, Louise C Kenny, Mairead Kiely, Patricia Leahy-Warren, Deirdre M Murray

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pediatrics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
8.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A Systematic Review to Reassess the Formula for Early Life Growth.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Determinants of Continued Breastfeeding at 12 and 24 Months: Results of an Australian Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hazel Ann SmithPaediatrics & Child Health, Clinical Investigations Unit, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland. smith.hazelann@gmail.com.
Jonathan O'B HourihanePaediatrics & Child Health, Clinical Investigations Unit, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
Louise C KennyIrish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, 5th Floor, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
Mairead KielyIrish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), Cork University Maternity Hospital, 5th Floor, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
Patricia Leahy-WarrenSchool of Nursing & Midwifery, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Deirdre M MurrayPaediatrics & Child Health, Clinical Investigations Unit, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
Cork University Hospital · IEUniversity College Cork · IE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is recommended that formula-fed infants are given standard whey-based infant formula throughout the first year of life, unless otherwise advised by healthcare professionals. To our knowledge it has not yet been explored if parents are using a whey-based infant formula throughout the first 12 months of life. Reasons for parental choice of formula are also unknown. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to describe parental administration of whey-based and non whey-based infant formula in the first year of life.

methodsData collected as part of the Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study examined infant feeding practices at 2, 6 and 12 months of age. Descriptive analysis explored infant feeding practices and parental reasons for changing from a whey-based to a non whey-based infant formula. Multiple logistic regression investigated parental and infant characteristics associated with the use of whey-based infant formula.

resultsIn total, 62.4%, 40.4% and 12.8% parent(s) at 2, 6 and 12 months, respectively, gave their infant whey-based infant formula. No parental or infant characteristic was found to consistently influence the use of whey-based infant formula. The most common reason reported by parent(s) for changing their infant's formula to a non whey-based formula was that they perceived their baby as being hungry.

conclusionThe majority of parent(s) commence their infants on whey-based formula, but most change to non whey-based formula before 12 months of age. Parental perception of infant satiety and not healthcare advice was the most common reason for changing from a whey-based to a non whey-based infant formula. Additional research is now required to investigate the effect of whey-based and non whey-based infant formula on infant growth.

Indexed as

Choice BehaviorHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeWheyAdultFemaleHumansInfantInfant CareInfant FormulaIrelandLogistic ModelsLongitudinal StudiesMaleParentsProspective StudiesSelf Report* Infant feeding practices* Infant formula

Identifiers

PMID27931199
PMCPMC5146843
OpenAlexW2559801399

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.