Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27930323›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Long-range projections coordinate distributed brain-wide neural activity with a specific spatiotemporal profile.

Alex T L Leong, Russell W Chan, Patrick P Gao, Ying-Shing Chan, Kevin K Tsia, Wing-Ho Yung, Ed X Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Optogenetic fMRI for Brain-Wide Circuit Analysis of Sensory Processing.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Interhemispheric resting-state functional connectivity correlates with spontaneous neural interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Neuromodulation in Small Animal fMRI.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025
    Review
  7. Charting the path in rodent functional neuroimaging.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025
    Article
  8. Cell-cell communication: new insights and clinical implications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024
    Review
  9. Deciphering the functional specialization of whole-brain spatiomolecular gradients in the adult brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Hemodynamic transient and functional connectivity follow structural connectivity and cell type over the brain hierarchy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
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  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Alex T L LeongLaboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Russell W ChanLaboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Patrick P GaoLaboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Ying-Shing ChanSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Kevin K TsiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Wing-Ho YungSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Ed X WuLaboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China; ewu@eee.hku.hk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

One challenge in contemporary neuroscience is to achieve an integrated understanding of the large-scale brain-wide interactions, particularly the spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity that give rise to functions and behavior. At present, little is known about the spatiotemporal properties of long-range neuronal networks. We examined brain-wide neural activity patterns elicited by stimulating ventral posteromedial (VPM) thalamo-cortical excitatory neurons through combined optogenetic stimulation and functional MRI (fMRI). We detected robust optogenetically evoked fMRI activation bilaterally in primary visual, somatosensory, and auditory cortices at low (1 Hz) but not high frequencies (5-40 Hz). Subsequent electrophysiological recordings indicated interactions over long temporal windows across thalamo-cortical, cortico-cortical, and interhemispheric callosal projections at low frequencies. We further observed enhanced visually evoked fMRI activation during and after VPM stimulation in the superior colliculus, indicating that visual processing was subcortically modulated by low-frequency activity originating from VPM. Stimulating posteromedial complex thalamo-cortical excitatory neurons also evoked brain-wide blood-oxygenation-level-dependent activation, although with a distinct spatiotemporal profile. Our results directly demonstrate that low-frequency activity governs large-scale, brain-wide connectivity and interactions through long-range excitatory projections to coordinate the functional integration of remote brain regions. This low-frequency phenomenon contributes to the neural basis of long-range functional connectivity as measured by resting-state fMRI.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainBrain MappingCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2DependovirusImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNerve NetOptogeneticsPhotic StimulationRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyThalamusTime FactorsCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2brain connectivityfMRIlow frequencyoptogeneticthalamus

Identifiers

PMID27930323
PMCPMC5187697

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.