Trial reportThe American journal of drug and alcohol abuse2018
Acute effects of snus in never-tobacco users: a pilot study.
Trial report in The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between the urine tobacco metabolite levels and physical health in Chinese primary school students with secondhand smoke exposure.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Beyond smoking: Risk assessment of nicotine in pouches.Toxicology reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSnus tobacco characteristics may attract non-tobacco users, including relatively low, but pharmacologically active, doses of nicotine. Lower nicotine doses may limit adverse drug effects while also producing a physiologically active response.
objectivesThis pilot study is the first to profile the acute effects of snus on physiological and subjective assessments in a sample of never-tobacco users.
methodsEleven never-tobacco users (five women; <100 uses/lifetime) were recruited from the community via university-approved advertisements. Using a within-subject design, participants consumed six pouches in ascending dose order (0, 1.6, 3.2, 4.8, 6.4, and 8.0 mg nicotine) within one session. The start of each snus bout was separated by 45 minutes, and pre- and post-pouch assessments included ratings of drug effects and physiological response.
resultsThe average heart rate and systolic blood pressure increased significantly from pre- to post-pouch use as a function of dose, though these increases were reliable for 8.0 mg nicotine only (p < .05). Collapsed across time, diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher for 8.0 mg nicotine than for all other doses (p < .05). Subjective ratings for "excessive salivation" and "satisfying" increased significantly from pre- to post-pouch use (p < .05), independent of dose.
conclusionSignificant increases in physiological response at some doses suggest that users were exposed to pharmacologically active doses of nicotine. The lack of reliable subjective effects may be the product of the dosing regimen or the relatively small sample size. Findings highlight the need for identification of doses of snus that may promote abuse among naïve users.
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Registered trials
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