ArticleToxins2016
Co-Occurrence of Regulated, Masked and Emerging Mycotoxins and Secondary Metabolites in Finished Feed and Maize-An Extensive Survey.
Article in Toxins, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Deoxynivalenol and Fumonisin B1 in Gilthead Seabream Diets: Impact on Growth Performance, Hematology, Immunology, and Histopathology.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Toxfin in Mitigating Mycotoxin Effects in Laying Hens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- An ABC-B Transporter Helps ProtectJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Survey of trichothecene contamination in imported and domestically produced feed in Japan.Mycotoxin research · 2026Article
- Aflatoxins and Human Health: Global Exposure, Disease Burden, and One Health Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- Article
- Field evaluation of maize genotypes for resistance to pre-harvestFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Knowledge structure and evolution of masked mycotoxin research in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and network analysis approach.Toxicon: X · 2025Review
- Multiple Mycotoxin Contamination in Livestock Feed: Implications for Animal Health, Productivity, and Food Safety.Toxins · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Development of a high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS multi-method for the analysis of mycotoxins in plant-based milk alternatives as the basis for risk assessment.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The influence of different abiotic conditions on the concentrations of free and conjugated deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in stored wheat.Mycotoxin research · 2024Article
- Development of a high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS method for the analysis of Fusarium and Alternaria toxins in cereals and cereal-based food.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Article
- Natural Occurrence and Co-Occurrence of Beauvericin and Enniatins in Wheat Kernels from China.Toxins · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Review of Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin A Dynamics: Emergence, Toxicological Impact, and Advanced Control Strategies.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- First Synthesis of Ergotamine-Toxins · 2024Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Global trade of agricultural commodities (e.g., animal feed) requires monitoring for fungal toxins. Also, little is known about masked and emerging toxins and metabolites. 1926 samples from 52 countries were analysed for toxins and metabolites. Of 162 compounds detected, up to 68 metabolites were found in a single sample. A subset of 1113 finished feed, maize and maize silage samples containing 57 compounds from 2012 to 2015 from 44 countries was investigated using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisins showed large increases of annual medians in Europe. Within a region, distinct trends were observed, suggesting importance of local meteorology and cultivars. In 2015, median DON concentrations increased to 1400 μ g·kg - 1 in Austria, but were stable in Germany at 350 μ g·kg - 1 . In 2014, enniatins occurred at median concentrations of 250 μ g·kg - 1 in Europe, at levels similar to DON and ZEN. The latter were frequently correlated with DON-3-glucoside and ZEN-14-sulfate. Co-occurrence of regulated toxins was frequent with e.g., enniatins, and moniliformin. Correlation was observed between DON and DON-3-glucoside and with beauvericin. Results indicate that considerably more than 25% of agricultural commodities could be contaminated with mycotoxins as suggested by FAO, although this is at least partly due to the lower limits of detection in the current survey. Observed contamination percentages ranged from 7.1 to 79% for B trichothecenes and 88% for ZEN.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.