Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27928197›Full record

ArticleTrends in cancer research2016

The diverse roles of the TNF axis in cancer progression and metastasis.

Boram Ham, Maria Celia Fernandez, Zarina D'Costa, Pnina Brodt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Trends in cancer research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
96citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Frontiers in immunology · 2026
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  14. In situ blockade of TNF-TNFR2 axis via oncolytic adenovirus improves antitumor efficacy in solid tumors.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
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36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Boram HamDepartment of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Maria Celia FernandezDepartment of Surgery, McGill University and the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Zarina D'CostaDepartment of Surgery, McGill University and the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Pnina BrodtDepartment of Medicine, McGill University and the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Surgery, McGill University and the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Oncology, McGill University and the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
McGill University Health Centre · CA

Funding

CIHR 81201-1CIHR 81201-2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Metastasis is a multi-step process that ultimately depends on the ability of disseminating cancer cells to establish favorable communications with their microenvironment. The tumor microenvironment consists of multiple and continuously changing cellular and molecular components. One of the factors regulating the tumor microenvironment is TNF-α, a pleiotropic cytokine that plays key roles in apoptosis, angiogenesis, inflammation and immunity. TNF-α can have both pro- and anti-tumoral effects and these are transmitted via two major receptors, the 55 kDa TNFR1 and the 75 kDa TNFR2 that have distinct, as well as overlapping functions. TNFR1 is ubiquitously expressed while the expression of TNFR2 is more restricted, mainly to immune cells. While TNFR1 can transmit pro-apoptotic or pro-survival signals through a complex network of downstream mediators, the role of TNFR2 is less well understood. One of its main functions is to act as a survival factor and moderate the pro-apoptotic effects of TNFR1, particularly in immune cells. In this review, we summarize the evidence for the involvement of the TNF system in the progression of the metastatic process from its contribution to the early steps of tumor cell invasion to its role in the colonization of distant sites, particularly the liver. We show how the TNF receptors each contribute to these processes by regulating and shaping the tumor microenvironment. Current evidence and concepts on the potential use of TNF targeting agents for cancer prevention and therapy are discussed.

Indexed as

immune cellslivermetastasisTNFRTNF-α

Identifiers

PMID27928197
PMCPMC5138060
OpenAlexW2577443549

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.