ArticleOncotarget2017
Metformin and propranolol combination prevents cancer progression and metastasis in different breast cancer models.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antitumour Effects of β-Blockers: A Narrative Review of the Literature.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Impact of Metformin Use on Clinical and Pathological Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Modified exosomes for targeted delivery of doxorubicin and carvedilol to mitochondria in breast cancer cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metformin-Based Combination Approaches for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Propranolol inhibits EMT and metastasis in breast cancer through miR-499-5p-mediated Sox6.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Inside the Biology of the β3-Adrenoceptor.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Enhancement of targeted therapy in combination with metformin on human breast cancer cell lines.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Harnessing adrenergic blockade in stress-promoted TNBCFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Propranolol Treatment Reduces A549-Derived Lung Cancer Spheroids via Intrinsic Apoptosis.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2023Article
- The effect of thymoquinone and propranolol combination on epidermoid laryngeal carcinoma cell.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2023Article
- Review
- Potential effect of chloroquine and propranolol combination to treat colorectal and triple-negative breast cancers.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Trial watch: beta-blockers in cancer therapy.Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Article
- The Nervous System as a Regulator of Cancer Hallmarks: Insights into Therapeutic Implications.Cancers · 2022Review
- Propranolol: A "Pick and Roll" Team Player in Benign Tumors and Cancer Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- Application of comprehensive bioinformatics approaches to reconnoiter crucial genes and pathways underpinning hepatocellular carcinoma: a drug repurposing endeavor.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2021Article
- Lipin-1, a Versatile Regulator of Lipid Homeostasis, Is a Potential Target for Fighting Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Repositioning metformin and propranolol for colorectal and triple negative breast cancers treatment.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Discovery of new drugs for cancer treatment is an expensive and time-consuming process and the percentage of drugs reaching the clinic remains quite low.Drug repositioning refers to the identification and development of new uses for existing drugs and represents an alternative drug development strategy.In this work, we evaluated the antitumor effect of metronomic treatment with a combination of two repositioned drugs, metformin and propranolol, in triple negative breast cancer models.By in vitro studies with five different breast cancer derived cells, we observed that combined treatment decreased proliferation (P < 0.001), mitochondrial activity (P < 0.001), migration (P < 0.001) and invasion (P < 0.001). In vivo studies in immunocompetent mice confirmed the potential of this combination in reducing tumor growth (P < 0.001) and preventing metastasis (P < 0.05).Taken together our results suggest that metformin plus propranolol combined treatment might be beneficial for triple negative breast cancer control, with no symptoms of toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.