ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2017
Targeting the hard to reach: challenges and novel strategies in the treatment of intracellular bacterial infections.
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeted delivery of peptidoglycan hydrolases (PGH) via engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) to clear intracellular bacterial infections.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Targeted lysosomal activation in bladder epithelium enhances clearance of intracellular uropathogenic Escherichia coli.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into phage dynamics to overcome intracellular bacterial reservoirs in urinary tract infections.Npj viruses · 2026Article
- Dual-Action Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles: Innate Immune Activation and Silver Nanocluster-Mediated Targeting of Intracellular Bacteria.ACS nano medicine · 2026Article
- Investigation of Intracellular Clearing ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Precision PEGylation of ZnO quantum dots enables selective intracellular killing of UropathogenicInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Engineering host‑defense peptides enhanced by artificial intelligence and nano delivery systems to overcome biofilms and antimicrobial resistance.Engineering microbiology · 2026Review
- Effect of Cu Nanoparticles Green-Formulated Using Allium sativum Extract Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Mice Lung Infection Model.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Chitosan-Coated Silver-Vancomycin Nanoparticles for Treatment of Bacterial Endophthalmitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Antibiofilm compounds from Streptomyces Labedae 20PM improves survival of and prophylactic effect of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Synergistic activity of rifampicin and polymyxin B against intracellular Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens involves bacterial membrane alterations and enhanced oxidative damages.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Fighting the invader: strategies against intracellular bacteria.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- An exhaustive cell-based screen coupled with an intracellular-induced lux-based reporter identified bioactive molecules that inhibit host cell infection by intracellular pathogens.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- IntracellularProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Evolving strategies of intracellular HypervirulentVirulence · 2025Article
- Drug Design and Delivery for Intracellular Bacteria: Emerging Paradigms.Drug development research · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic analysis of phage-mammalian cell interaction reveals diverse phage immunobarcodes.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of an inhalable dry powder of mycobacteriophage D29 using thin-film freeze-drying.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Poly(hexamethylene guanidine): An Effective Compound in Tackling Persistent Bacterial Subpopulations.Microorganisms · 2025Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to threaten human and animal health and welfare globally, impacting millions of lives and causing substantial economic loss. The use of antibacterials has been only partially successful in reducing disease impact. Bacterial cells are inherently resilient, and the therapy challenge is increased by the development of antibacterial resistance, the formation of biofilms and the ability of certain clinically important pathogens to invade and localize within host cells. Invasion into host cells provides protection from both antibacterials and the host immune system. Poor delivery of antibacterials into host cells causes inadequate bacterial clearance, resulting in chronic and unresolved infections. In this review, we discuss the challenges associated with existing antibacterial therapies with a focus on intracellular pathogens. We consider the requirements for successful treatment of intracellular infections and novel platforms currently under development. Finally, we discuss novel strategies to improve drug penetration into host cells. As an example, we discuss our recent demonstration that the cell penetrating cationic polymer polyhexamethylene biguanide has antibacterial activity against intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Drug Metabolism and Antibiotic Resistance in Micro-organisms. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.14/issuetoc.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.