ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2016
Racial Disparities in Heart Disease Mortality in the 50 Largest U.S. Cities.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vigilance and Well-Being in Daily Life: An Examination of Race Differences.Race and social problems · 2026Article
- Kinlessness and end-of-life care quality: does race and ethnicity matter?The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Heart Disease Knowledge and Awareness in African American and Hispanic Women.Southern medical journal · 2023Article
- Implications of Cumulative Life Event Stress for Daily Stress Exposure and Cardiovascular Reactivity Among Black and White Americans.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023Article
- Racial disparities in cardiac transplantation: Chronological perspective and outcomes.PloS one · 2022Article
- Racial Difference in the Association of Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (PMInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Predictors of Mortality in Older Adults With Epilepsy: Implications for Learning Health Systems.Neurology · 2021Article
- Associations of Social Vulnerability Index With Pathologic Myocardial Findings at Autopsy.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Black and White Differences in Life Expectancy in 4 US States, 1969-2013.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heart disease is not only the leading cause of death in the U.S. but also the main contributor to racial disparities in life expectancy. Despite this, heart disease mortality rates and racial disparities in these rates are not readily available at the city level where they can be the most quickly and effectively addressed. We calculated age-adjusted heart disease mortality rates and corresponding racial rate ratios (RRs) and rate differences (RDs) for the non-Hispanic Black (Black) and non-Hispanic White (White) populations for the years 1990-1994 and 2005-2009 for the U.S. and the 50 largest cities therein. We then examined relationships between the disparities and city-level population indicators. Nationally, mortality rates were significantly higher among Blacks than Whites at both time periods. Larger improvements in rates for Whites compared to Blacks resulted in a significant increase in disparities over the 20-year period for 11 cities. There were 19,448 excess Black deaths in the U.S. annually. City-level income inequality, as well as the overall city and White median household income, contributed to these disparities. By identifying city-specific disparities and trends, health care providers, public health agencies, and researchers can target the areas with the most need and can look at cities without disparities for clues on how to best advance health equity in heart disease morbidity and mortality.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.