ArticleScientific reports2016
Viral and bacterial co-infection in severe pneumonia triggers innate immune responses and specifically enhances IP-10: a translational study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04359290 (Ruxolitinib for Treatment of Covid-19 Induced Lung Injury ARDS A Single-arm, Open-label, Proof of Concept Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Ruxolitinib for Treatment of Covid-19 Induced Lung Injury ARDS A Single-arm, Open-label, Proof of Concept Study
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of the MicroRNAs in the Pathogenic Mechanism of Painful Symptoms in Long COVID: Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Immunopathological Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Critical and Non-critical Pneumonia Patients: A Systematic Review to Determine the Cause of Co-infection.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Mechanical Ventilation Combined with Fiberoptic Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Patients with Severe Pulmonary Infection.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Inflammation induced by influenza virus impairs human innate immune control of pneumococcus.Nature immunology · 2018Trial
- Host-response biomarker panels for distinguishing selected acute respiratory viral-bacterial co-infections from mono-infections.iScience · 2026Review
- The Relationship Between Differential Expression of Non-coding RNAs (TP53TG1, LINC00342, MALAT1, DNM3OS, miR-126-3p, miR-200a-3p, miR-18a-5p) and Protein-Coding Genes (PTEN, FOXO3) and Risk of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Distinct Pathogen Profiles in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Across Age and Disease Severity.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Aetiological agents of pneumonia among HIV and non-HIV infected children in Ghana: A case-control study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Microbial and Immune Regulation of the Gut-Lung Axis during Viral-Bacterial Coinfection.Journal of bacteriology · 2023Review
- The current landscape of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bacterial pneumonia: opportunities and challenges.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2022Review
- Time-Dependent Increase in Susceptibility and Severity of Secondary Bacterial Infection during SARS-CoV-2 Infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Immune signature of acute pharyngitis in a Streptococcus pyogenes human challenge trial.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Time-Dependent Increase in Susceptibility and Severity of Secondary Bacterial Infections During SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Antibiofilm activity of host defence peptides: complexity provides opportunities.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2021Review
- Building HMM and molecular docking analysis for the sensitive detection of anti-viral pneumonia antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Outcomes of respiratory viral-bacterial co-infection in adult hospitalized patients.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
- Aetiology of acute respiratory infection in preschool children requiring hospitalisation in Europe-results from the PED-MERMAIDS multicentre case-control study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2021Article
- MicroRNA-4485 ameliorates severe influenza pneumonia via inhibition of the STAT3/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Oncology letters · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mixed viral and bacterial infections are widely described in community-acquired pneumonia; however, the clinical implications of co-infection on the associated immunopathology remain poorly studied. In this study, microRNA, mRNA and cytokine/chemokine secretion profiling were investigated for human monocyte-derived macrophages infected in-vitro with Influenza virus A/H1N1 and/or Streptococcus pneumoniae. We observed that the in-vitro co-infection synergistically increased interferon-γ-induced protein-10 (CXCL10, IP-10) expression compared to the singly-infected cells conditions. We demonstrated that endogenous miRNA-200a-3p, whose expression was synergistically induced following co-infection, indirectly regulates CXCL10 expression by targeting suppressor of cytokine signaling-6 (SOCS-6), a well-known regulator of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Additionally, in a subsequent clinical pilot study, immunomodulators levels were evaluated in samples from 74 children (≤5 years-old) hospitalized with viral and/or bacterial community-acquired pneumonia. Clinically, among the 74 cases of pneumonia, patients with identified mixed-detection had significantly higher (3.6-fold) serum IP-10 levels than those with a single detection (P = 0.03), and were significantly associated with severe pneumonia (P < 0.01). This study demonstrates that viral and bacterial co-infection modulates the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and leads to exacerbated IP-10 expression, which could play a major role in the pathogenesis of pneumonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.