ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2016
Commercial test kits for detection of Lyme borreliosis: a meta-analysis of test accuracy.
Article in International journal of general medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiplexed single-tier immunoassay for improved Lyme disease diagnosis across all disease stages.Research square · 2026Article
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges in Lyme Disease and Co-Infections: Unraveling Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Complexities-A Comprehensive Case Series Analysis.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Development, Optimization, and Validation of a Quantitative PCR Assay forPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Successful permanent pacemaker explantation after diagnosis and treatment of Lyme carditis complete heart block: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2023Article
- Cross-Reactive Results in Serological Tests for Borreliosis in Patients with Active Viral Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Lyme borreliosis in pregnancy and associations with parent and offspring health outcomes: An international cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Design theory to better target public health priorities: An application to Lyme disease in France.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Case Report Highlighting Diagnosing and Treatment Challenges and the Possibility of Jarisch-Herxheimer Reactions If High Infectious Loads Are Present.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Real time micro-organisms PCR in 104 patients with polymorphic signs and symptoms that may be related to a tick bite.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2021Article
- Physical Therapist Recognition and Referral of Individuals With Suspected Lyme Disease.Physical therapy · 2021Review
- Visualizing Borrelia burgdorferi Infection Using a Small-Molecule Imaging Probe.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2021Article
- Assessing the Need for Multiplex and Multifunctional Tick-Borne Disease Test in Routine Clinical Laboratory Samples from Lyme Disease and Febrile Patients with a History of a Tick Bite.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Article
- A novel Borrelia species, intermediate between Lyme disease and relapsing fever groups, in neotropical passerine-associated ticks.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Presence of Borrelia miyamotoi infection in a highly endemic area of Lyme disease.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2020Article
- Lyme Disease: Diversity ofHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Multicenter Evaluation of the C6 Lyme ELISA Kit for the Diagnosis of Lyme Disease.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- A Clinical Diagnostic System for Late-Stage Neuropsychiatric Lyme Borreliosis Based upon an Analysis of 100 Patients.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Article
- Classification and Staging of Morgellons Disease: Lessons from Syphilis.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2020Article
- A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis: From Clinical Heterogeneity to Laboratory Methods.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The clinical diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis can be supported by various test methodologies; test kits are available from many manufacturers. Literature searches were carried out to identify studies that reported characteristics of the test kits. Of 50 searched studies, 18 were included where the tests were commercially available and samples were proven to be positive using serology testing, evidence of an erythema migrans rash, and/or culture. Additional requirements were a test specificity of ≥85% and publication in the last 20 years. The weighted mean sensitivity for all tests and for all samples was 59.5%. Individual study means varied from 30.6% to 86.2%. Sensitivity for each test technology varied from 62.4% for Western blot kits, and 62.3% for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests, to 53.9% for synthetic C6 peptide ELISA tests and 53.7% when the two-tier methodology was used. Test sensitivity increased as dissemination of the pathogen affected different organs; however, the absence of data on the time from infection to serological testing and the lack of standard definitions for "early" and "late" disease prevented analysis of test sensitivity versus time of infection. The lack of standardization of the definitions of disease stage and the possibility of retrospective selection bias prevented clear evaluation of test sensitivity by "stage". The sensitivity for samples classified as acute disease was 35.4%, with a corresponding sensitivity of 64.5% for samples from patients defined as convalescent. Regression analysis demonstrated an improvement of 4% in test sensitivity over the 20-year study period. The studies did not provide data to indicate the sensitivity of tests used in a clinical setting since the effect of recent use of antibiotics or steroids or other factors affecting antibody response was not factored in. The tests were developed for only specific
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