ArticleClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology2016
Electrochemotherapy induces apoptotic death in melanoma metastases: a histologic and immunohistochemical investigation.
Article in Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06388252 (Electrochemotherapy Induces Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment of Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Metastases in Patients With Cutaneous Melanoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Electrochemotherapy Induces Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment of Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Metastases in Patients With Cutaneous Melanoma
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electrochemotherapy of Melanoma Cutaneous Metastases in Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Review about Imaging and Histopathological Findings for Detecting and Evaluating Electroporation Based Treatments Response.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Advancing Electrochemotherapy in Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: From Clinical Practice to Emerging Frontiers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Bleomycin ElectroScleroTherapy (BEST): mechanistic parallels to electrochemotherapy, experimental models, and unresolved questions.Radiology and oncology · 2026Review
- Custom bipolar electrode for bleomycin-based electrochemotherapy in patient-derived uveal melanomaFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Electrochemotherapy with bleomycin, oxaliplatin, or cisplatin in mouse tumor models, from tumor ablation toFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review of Role of Surgery with Electroporation in Melanoma: Chemotherapy, Immunotherapy, and Gene Delivery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Advances of Electroporation-Related Therapies and the Synergy with Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Article
- Review
- An analysis of clinical effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in the treatment of advanced metastatic malignant melanoma performed in the eastern part of Central Europe: a single-centre experience.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2022Article
- VEGF Expression, Cellular Infiltration, and Intratumoral Collagen Levels after Electroporation-Based Treatment of Dogs with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Electrochemotherapy and Other Clinical Applications of Electroporation for the Targeted Therapy of Metastatic Melanoma.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Large Liver Blood Vessels and Bile Ducts Are Not Damaged by Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin in Pigs.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundElectrochemotherapy (ECT) is increasingly used in the treatment of primary and secondary skin tumors, but little is known about the pathologic mechanism responsible for tumor cell destruction in humans. Knowledge of detailed mechanism of host response after ECT may improve the treatment efficacy related to patient selection and technique refinements.
aimThe aim of the study was to investigate the histopathology and mechanism of cell death after ECT in cutaneous melanoma metastases.
methodsSkin biopsy specimens were sequentially obtained after ECT of cutaneous melanoma metastases, during a follow-up period of 2 months. Results from histologic evaluation and immunohistochemical characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, Granzyme-B) were compared with a panel of apoptosis-related markers.
main outcome measuresEvidence of the mechanism of tumor cell damage, identification of histological and immunohistochemical signs of apoptosis and/or necrosis underlining a possible time course of tumor destruction and inflammatory reaction after ECT.
resultsEarly signs of epidermal degeneration, an increase of the inflammatory infiltrate, and initial tumor cell morphological changes were already detected 10 min after ECT. The cell damage progression, as demonstrated by histological and immunohistochemical evidence using apoptotic markers (TUNEL and caspase-3 staining), reached a climax 3 days after treatment, to continue until 10 days after. Scarring fibrosis and complete absence of tumor cells were observed in the late biopsy specimens. A rich inflammatory infiltrate with a prevalence of T-cytotoxic CD3/CD8-positive cells was detected 3 h after ECT and was still appreciable 3 months later.
conclusionThis study attempts to define the time course and characteristics of tumor response to ECT. The observations suggest both a direct necrotic cell damage and a rapid activation of apoptotic mechanisms that occur in the early phases of the cutaneous reaction to ECT. A persistent immune response of T-cytotoxic lymphocytes could possibly explain the long-term local tumor control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.