Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27918536›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2017

Genome-wide analyses for personality traits identify six genomic loci and show correlations with psychiatric disorders.

Min-Tzu Lo, David A Hinds, Joyce Y Tung, Carol Franz, Chun-Chieh Fan, Yunpeng Wang, Olav B Smeland, Andrew Schork, Dominic Holland, Karolina Kauppi and 12 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 175 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
175citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
44.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

175 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 455 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Childhood Correlates of Genetic Propensity to Personality Traits.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  14. Genetic interconnections between personality-related phenotypes and psychiatric disorders.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026
    Article
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115 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Min-Tzu LoDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
David A Hinds23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, California, USA.
Joyce Y Tung23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, California, USA.
Carol FranzDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Chun-Chieh FanDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Yunpeng WangDepartment of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Olav B SmelandNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Andrew SchorkDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Dominic HollandDepartment of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Karolina KauppiDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Nilotpal SanyalDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Valentina Escott-PriceMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Daniel J SmithInstitute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Michael O'DonovanMRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7073-2379
Hreinn StefanssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Gyda BjornsdottirdeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Thorgeir E ThorgeirssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Kari StefanssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Linda K McEvoyDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Anders M DaleDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Ole A AndreassenNORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-4461-3568
Chi-Hua ChenDepartment of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
University of California San Diego · USdeCODE Genetics (Iceland) · ISOslo University Hospital · NO23andMe (United States) · USCardiff University · GBUniversity of Glasgow · GB

Funding

The VETSA Longitudinal Twin Study of Cognition and Aging (VETSA 4)R01AG050595 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELMAN, JEREMY A, FRANZ, CAROL ELAINE · 2015 to 2024
$28.0M
The VETSA Longitudinal MRI Twin Study of AgingR01AG022381 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2003 to 2019
$22.3M
The VETSA longitudinal twin study of cognition and agingR01AG018386 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KREMEN, WILLIAM S. · 2002 to 2012
$9.7M
Genes contributing to nicotine dependence in humansR01DA017932 · NIDA · DECODE GENETICS, INC. · PI STEFANSSON, KARI · 2005 to 2015
$9.6M
Identifying Amphetamine Addiction Risk Variants by Whole Genome SequencingR01DA034076 · NIDA · DECODE GENETICS, EHF · PI THORGEIRSSON, THORGEIR E. · 2013 to 2017
$2.6M
Identifying the Polygenic Basis of the Human Brain and Psychiatric DisordersR01MH100351 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI CHEN, CHI-HUA · 2013 to 2017
$2.1M
Medical Research Council MC_PC_15018Medical Research Council MR/L023784/2Medical Research Council MR/P005748/1NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018386NIA NIH HHS R01 AG022381NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050595NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA017932NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA034076NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH100351
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Personality is influenced by genetic and environmental factors and associated with mental health. However, the underlying genetic determinants are largely unknown. We identified six genetic loci, including five novel loci, significantly associated with personality traits in a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (N = 123,132-260,861). Of these genome-wide significant loci, extraversion was associated with variants in WSCD2 and near PCDH15, and neuroticism with variants on chromosome 8p23.1 and in L3MBTL2. We performed a principal component analysis to extract major dimensions underlying genetic variations among five personality traits and six psychiatric disorders (N = 5,422-18,759). The first genetic dimension separated personality traits and psychiatric disorders, except that neuroticism and openness to experience were clustered with the disorders. High genetic correlations were found between extraversion and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and between openness and schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The second genetic dimension was closely aligned with extraversion-introversion and grouped neuroticism with internalizing psychopathology (e.g., depression or anxiety).

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyAdultAgedFemaleGenetic LociGenetic MarkersGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleMental DisordersMeta-Analysis as TopicMiddle AgedPersonalityPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProspective StudiesGenetic Markers

Identifiers

PMID27918536
PMCPMC5278898
OpenAlexW2560290489

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.