ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2017
Tipping points? Curvilinear associations between activity level and mental development in toddlers.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genotype-phenotypic correlation in a Chinese patient with isolated lissencephaly sequence caused by 17p13.3p13.2 chromosomal microdeletion: a 6-year follow-up study.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Early temperament and physical health in school-age children: Applying a short temperament measure in a population-based cohort.PloS one · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Theory of Optimal Stimulation (Zentall & Zentall, Psychological Bulletin, 94, 1983, 446) posits that the relation between activity level (AL) and cognitive performance follows an inverted U shape where midrange AL predicts better cognitive performance than AL at the extremes.
methodsWe explored this by fitting linear and quadratic models predicting mental development from AL assessed via multiple methods (parent ratings, observations, and actigraphs) and across multiple situations (laboratory play, laboratory test, home) in over 600 twins (2- and 3-year olds).
resultsOnly observed AL in the laboratory was curvilinearly related to mental development scores. Results replicated across situations, age, and twin samples, providing strong support for the optimal stimulation model for this measure of AL in early childhood.
conclusionsDifferent measures of AL provide different information. Observations of AL which include both qualitative and quantitative aspects of AL within structured situations are able to capture beneficial aspects of normative AL as well as detriments of both low and high AL.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.