Trial reportAfrican health sciences2016
Efficacy of early skin-to-skin contact on the rate of exclusive breastfeeding in term neonates: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in African health sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Impact of Breastfeeding Education on Breastfeeding Behavior and the Use of Traditional Practices (An Example From Turkey): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Immediate vs Early Skin-to-skin Contact in Cesarean Births and Its Effect on Breastfeeding
The Effect of Skin-to-Skin Contact Applied in the Early Postpartum Period on Maternal Pain, Birth Satisfaction, and Maternal Vital Signs Dynamics
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immediate or early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The effects of kangaroo mother care on the time to breastfeeding initiation among preterm and LBW infants: a meta-analysis of published studies.International breastfeeding journal · 2019Pooled it
- Effect of early skin-to-skin contact after vaginal birth on neonatal stress and day-5 bilirubin levels: a randomized trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of nurse-led breastfeeding supportive care (B-SUCA) on breastfeeding outcomes among mother-newborn dyads in a tertiary referral hospital of India: a randomized controlled trial.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Trial
- Comparing the effects of oral sucrose and kangaroo mother care on selected physiological variables and pain resulting from venipuncture in premature newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care units.European journal of medical research · 2024Trial
- Blinded randomized crossover trial: Skin-to-skin care vs. sucrose for preterm neonatal pain.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2020Trial
- Article
- The Effect of Immediate Skin-to-Skin Contact on Exclusive Breastfeeding: An Instrumental Variable Approach.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
- Article
- Determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in The Gambia: a population-based study using the 2019-2020 demographic and health survey data.International breastfeeding journal · 2023Article
- Effect of neonatal breast crawl on breastfeeding: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- The Rates of Breastfeeding in Baby-Friendly Hospitals in Greece: A Nationwide Survey.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effects of different doses of synthetic oxytocin on neonatal instinctive behaviors and breastfeeding.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Effects of Skin-to-Skin Contact on Newborn Sucking, and Breastfeeding Abilities: A Quasi-Experimental Study Design.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Pro-lactation cesarean section: Immediate skin-to-skin contact and its influence on prolonged breastfeeding.Frontiers in sociology · 2022Article
- Practicing Level and Determinants of Safe Cord Care and Skin-To-Skin Contact Among Post-partum Women in Public Hospitals of Eastern Ethiopia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Skin-to-Skin Care by Mother vs. Father for Preterm Neonatal Pain: A Randomized Control Trial (ENVIRON Trial).International journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Early essential newborn care is associated with increased breastfeeding: a quasi-experimental study from Sichuan Province of Western China.International breastfeeding journal · 2020Article
- Coverage of the WHO's four essential elements of newborn care and their association with neonatal survival in southern Nepal.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite multiple benefits of breast milk, the rates of exclusive breastfeeding in developing countries are low.
objectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of early skin -to -skin contact (SSC) on the rate of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at 6 weeks of age among term neonates born by vaginal delivery.
methodsTerm neonates born by vaginal delivery and did not require any resuscitation were randomized at birth to SSC (n=100) and control (n=100) group. Immediately after clamping the umbilical cord, SSC group neonates were placed on the bare bosom of mother and control group neonates were placed under a radiant warmer for a period of 45 minutes each while mothers underwent management of the third stage of labor and episiotomy repair. Pain experienced by mother during episiotomy repair was recorded using a numerical pain scale The primary outcome evaluated was the rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 weeks of postnatal age.
resultsA significantly higher proportion of neonates were exclusively breastfeed at 6 weeks of age in the SSC group than in the control group (72% vs. 57.6%, p=0.04, relative risk: 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.0 -1.6). The pain score during episiotomy repair in mothers of the SSC group was significantly lower than the control group (4.74±0.85 versus 5.34±0.81; P <0.01).
conclusionsEarly SSC significantly improved the rate of exclusively breastfeeding at 6 weeks of age among healthy term neonates. An important additional effect was a decrease in the amount of pain that mothers in the SSC group experienced during episiotomy repair.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.