ArticleJournal of Korean medical science2017
Outdoor Air Pollution and Pterygium in Korea.
Article in Journal of Korean medical science, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of particulate matter and air pollution on ocular surface disease: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence.The ocular surface · 2025Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Exploring dysregulation of cuproptosis-related genes molecular clusters and candidate biomarkers in pterygium.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association between air pollutant exposure and ocular surface, anterior and middle segment and fundus eye diseases: epidemiological and mechanism evidence.Eye (London, England) · 2026Review
- Investigating immune cell infiltration and gene expression features in pterygium pathogenesis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pathological Mechanisms of Particulate Matter-Mediated Ocular Disorders: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Comparison of cytotoxicity effects induced by four different types of nanoparticles in human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Explore the Relationship Between Short-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Daily Outpatient Visits for Metabolic Related Fatty Liver.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2022Article
- Article
- Clinical Dry Eye and Meibomian Gland Features Among Dry Eye Patients in Rural and Urban Ghana.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Pterygium Among Adults Living in Kolla Diba Town, Northwest Ethiopia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Article
- Association of Ambient Air Pollution with Increased Liver Enzymes in Korean Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Current State of Research on the Risk of Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Air Pollution in Korea.Yonsei medical journal · 2019Review
- Prevalence and risk factors for pterygium: a cross-sectional study in Han and Manchu ethnic populations in Hebei, China.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Ocular Exposure to Particulate Matter and Development of Pterygium: A Case-Control Study.The international journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2018Article
- Impacts of climate change on ocular health: A scoping review.The journal of climate change and healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated relationships between outdoor air pollution and pterygium in Korean adults. This study includes 23,276 adults in population-based cross-sectional data using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. Pterygium was assessed using slit lamp biomicroscopy. Air pollution data (humidity, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm [PM₁₀], ozone [O₃], nitrogen dioxide [NO₂], and sulfur dioxide levels [SO₂]) for 2 years preceding the ocular examinations were acquired. Associations of multiple air pollutants with pterygium or pterygium recurrence after surgery were examined using multivariate logistic models, after adjusting for several covariates. Distributed lag models were additionally used for estimating cumulative effects of air pollution on pterygium. None of air pollution factors was significantly associated with pterygium or pterygium recurrence (each P > 0.05). Distributed lag models also showed that air pollution factors were not associated with pterygium or pterygium recurrence in 0-to-2 year lags (each P > 0.05). However, primary pterygium showed a weak association with PM10 after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio [OR] 1.23; [per 5 μg/m³ PM₁₀ increase]; P = 0.023). Aging, male sex, and greater sun exposure were associated with pterygium, while higher education level and myopia were negatively associated with pterygium (each P ≤ 0.001). Male sex and myopia were negatively associated with pterygium recurrence (each P < 0.05). In conclusion, exposure to higher PM10 levels was associated with primary pterygium, although this study observed no significant association between air pollution and overall pterygium or pterygium recurrence in Korean adults.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.