ArticleJournal of neurovirology2017
Neuroimaging abnormalities in clade C HIV are independent of Tat genetic diversity.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in the Diagnosis of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND): A Meta-Analysis and a System Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Different roles of frontal versus striatal atrophy in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Human brain mapping · 2019Pooled it
- HIV-1 subtype diversity in the pathogenesis of neuroHIV.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Cortical White and Grey Matter Volume Differences Associated with Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Levels in PLWH in Cape Town.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The association between HIV-1 Tat and Vif amino acid sequence variation, inflammation and Trp-Kyn metabolism: an exploratory investigation.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Rates of cognitive impairment in a South African cohort of people with HIV: variation by definitional criteria and lack of association with neuroimaging biomarkers.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Article
- HIV-1C and HIV-1B Tat protein polymorphism in Southern Brazil.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Observational
- Peripheral blood lymphocyte proviral DNA predicts neurocognitive impairment in clade C HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Article
- Attention/Working Memory, Learning and Memory in Adult Cameroonians: Normative Data, Effects of HIV Infection and Viral Genotype.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2020Article
- White matter fiber bundle lengths are shorter in cART naive HIV: an analysis of quantitative diffusion tractography in South Africa.Brain imaging and behavior · 2018Article
- Topological Organization of Whole-Brain White Matter in HIV Infection.Brain connectivity · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Controversy remains regarding the neurotoxicity of clade C human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-C). When examined in preclinical studies, a cysteine to serine substitution in the C31 dicysteine motif of the HIV-C Tat protein (C31S) results in less severe brain injury compared to other viral clades. By contrast, patient cohort studies identify significant neuropsychological impairment among HIV-C individuals independent of Tat variability. The present study clarified this discrepancy by examining neuroimaging markers of brain integrity among HIV-C individuals with and without the Tat substitution. Thirty-seven HIV-C individuals with the Tat C31S substitution, 109 HIV-C individuals without the Tat substitution (C31C), and 34 HIV- controls underwent 3T structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Volumes were determined for the caudate, putamen, thalamus, corpus callosum, total gray matter, and total white matter. DTI metrics included fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). Tracts of interest included the anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), cingulum bundle (CING), uncinate fasciculus (UNC), and corpus callosum (CC). HIV+ individuals exhibited smaller volumes in subcortical gray matter, total gray matter and total white matter compared to HIV- controls. HIV+ individuals also exhibited DTI abnormalities across multiple tracts compared to HIV- controls. By contrast, neither volumetric nor diffusion indices differed significantly between the Tat C31S and C31C groups. Tat C31S status is not a sufficient biomarker of HIV-related brain integrity in patient populations. Clinical attention directed at brain health is warranted for all HIV+ individuals, independent of Tat C31S or clade C status.
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Registered trials
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