ArticleCerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)2018
Von Economo Neurons and Fork Cells: A Neurochemical Signature Linked to Monoaminergic Function.
Article in Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- An atlas of primate insular cortex reveals a signal-processing strategy in von Economo neurons.Nature cell biology · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of frontoinsular cortex reveals molecular correlates of selective neuronal vulnerability in FTD.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An expanded cortical map of von Economo neurons in the human medial prefrontal cortex.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Spindle neurons in human cortex possess distinctive firing properties and transcriptomic signatures.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Vulnerability of anterior cingulate Von Economo neurons to FTLD-tauopathies in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Characterization of Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Relevance of MushroomNutrients · 2026Article
- Spatial covariance of mGluR5 density and structural degeneration in behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- VENturing into machine learning for the morphological analysis of von Economo neurons.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Single-nucleus multi-omics analyses reveal cellular and molecular innovations in the anterior cingulate cortex during primate evolution.Cell genomics · 2024Article
- Genetic patterning in hippocampus of rat undergoing impaired spatial memory induced by long-term heat stress.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Insomnia in Forensic Detainees: Is Salience Network the Common Pathway for Sleep, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurodegenerative Disorders?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Cryptic exon detection and transcriptomic changes revealed in single-nuclei RNA sequencing of C9ORF72 patients spanning the ALS-FTD spectrum.Acta neuropathologica · 2023Article
- Morphological Features of Human Dendritic Spines.Advances in neurobiology · 2023Review
- Von Economo neurons: Cellular specialization of human limbic cortices?Journal of anatomy · 2022Review
- Association between resting-state functional brain connectivity and gene expression is altered in autism spectrum disorder.Nature communications · 2022Article
- The severity of behavioural symptoms in FTD is linked to the loss of GABRQ-expressing VENs and pyramidal neurons.Neuropathology and applied neurobiology · 2022Article
- The behavioral variant of Alzheimer's disease does not show a selective loss of Von Economo and phylogenetically related neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Article
- Identifying genetic risk variants associated with brain volumetric phenotypes via K-sample Ball Divergence method.Genetic epidemiology · 2021Article
- Von Economo Neurons - Primate-Specific or Commonplace in the Mammalian Brain?Frontiers in neural circuits · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human anterior cingulate and frontoinsular cortices are distinguished by 2 unique Layer 5 neuronal morphotypes, the von Economo neurons (VENs) and fork cells, whose biological identity remains mysterious. Insights could impact research on diverse neuropsychiatric diseases to which these cells have been linked. Here, we leveraged the Allen Brain Atlas to evaluate mRNA expression of 176 neurotransmitter-related genes and identified vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunit θ (GABRQ), and adrenoreceptor α-1A (ADRA1A) expression in human VENs, fork cells, and a minority of neighboring Layer 5 neurons. We confirmed these results using immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization. VMAT2 and GABRQ expression was absent in mouse cerebral cortex. Although VMAT2 is known to package monoamines into synaptic vesicles, in VENs and fork cells its expression occurs in the absence of monoamine-synthesizing enzymes or reuptake transporters. Thus, VENs and fork cells may possess a novel, uncharacterized mode of cortical monoaminergic function that distinguishes them from most other mammalian Layer 5 neurons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.