ArticleParasites & vectors2016
Circulation of Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis in Moldova.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Updated occurrence and bionomics of potential malaria vectors in Europe: a systematic review (2000-2021).Parasites & vectors · 2022Pooled it
- Entomological survey of Dirofilaria spp. in Sardinia (Italy): molecular detection and mosquito species distribution.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Molecular screening of mosquitoes for filarioid helminths in Slovenia.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- The Expansion ofInsects · 2026Article
- A cross section through mosquitoes of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Barcodes, blood meals and pathogens.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Circulation ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Complementing community science with xenomonitoring: Understanding the eco-epidemiology of Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs and mosquitoes.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Preliminary data on the vector competence of Aedes caspius for Dirofililaria immitis in a traditionally endemic area of northern Italy.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- DetectingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Nationwide molecular survey of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in companion dogs and cats, United States of America.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in mosquitoes from Corsica Island, France.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- An epidemiological survey of Dirofilaria spp. and Acanthocheilonema spp. in dogs from the Republic of Moldova.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- New insights into the biology, diagnosis and immune response toVeterinary parasitology: X · 2020Article
- Dirofilaria and Wolbachia in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in central European Russia and on the Black Sea coast.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2019Article
- Screening of mosquitoes for filarioid helminths in urban areas in south western Poland-common patterns in European Setaria tundra xenomonitoring studies.Parasitology research · 2019Article
- Recent advances on Dirofilaria repens in dogs and humans in Europe.Parasites & vectors · 2018Review
- Seasonal Activity of Adult Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a Focus of Dirofilariasis and West Nile Infection in Northern Iran.Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2018Article
- Circulation of Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- The thermophilic mosquito species Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards, 1913 (Diptera: Culicidae) moves north in Germany.Parasitology research · 2017Article
- Little pigeons can carry great messages: potential distribution and ecology of Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) unguiculata Edwards, 1913 (Diptera: Culicidae), a lesser-known mosquito species from the Western Palaearctic.Parasites & vectors · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOver the last two decades, a significant spread of dirofilariasis has been observed in eastern and central Europe. However, data on the circulation of Dirofilaria spp. in Moldova were absent although direct neighbor states reported high incidence rates of human dirofilariasis.
methodsDaily mean temperature data were used to calculate Dirofilaria spp. development units, which were used to estimate the potential for complete extrinsic development in the mosquitoes (= sum of potential Dirofilaria spp. transmission days). In addition, 4,481 adult female mosquitoes were collected from 25 trapping sites. From 2010 to 2015, sampling was conducted with Centers for Disease Control miniature light traps, indoor resting mosquito collections as well as human landing catches in urban, rural and natural areas. Mosquitoes were analyzed for the presence of D. repens and D. immitis DNA using a duplex real-time PCR assay targeting nucleotide differences within the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (D. repens) and 16S rRNA gene fragment (D. immitis).
resultsThe average of the yearly sum of potential Dirofilaria spp. transmission days between 2010 and 2015 ranged from 90 to 140 days with an increasing gradient from the North to the South of Moldova. Positive mosquito pools for D. repens were found countrywide at 13 of the 25 trapping sites and in 17 of the 22 screened mosquito taxa (26.51% of all 347 tested pools), while D. immitis was detected only at 4 of the trapping sites (Center and South) in 4 different mosquito species (8.65% of all 347 tested pools). Highest infection rates (EIR) per 100 specimens for both Dirofilaria species were found in An. maculipennis (s.l.) (D. repens: EIR = 4.91; D. immitis: EIR = 2.01), whereas the most frequent mosquito taxon Cx. pipiens (s.l.)/torrentium had significantly lower infections rates (D. repens: EIR = 0.88; D. immitis: EIR = 0.47).
conclusionsThe temperature conditions in Moldova are suitable for transmission of Dirofilaria spp. within the entire country, which is supported by a wide distribution of Dirofilaria spp.-positive mosquitoes with high infection rates. The low number of reported human cases most likely does not reflect the current epidemiological situation of dirofilariasis in Moldova.
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