ArticlePLoS genetics2016
Bilaterian Giant Ankyrins Have a Common Evolutionary Origin and Play a Conserved Role in Patterning the Axon Initial Segment.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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30 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Voltage-gated calcium channels act upstream of adenylyl cyclase Ac78C to promote timely initiation of dendrite regeneration.PLoS genetics · 2024Article
- Changes in mitochondrial distribution occur at the axon initial segment in association with neurodegeneration in Drosophila.Biology open · 2024Article
- Changes in mitochondrial distribution occur at the axon initial segment in association with neurodegeneration inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Coordination of Pickpocket ion channel delivery and dendrite growth in Drosophila sensory neurons.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
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- Cytoskeletal and synaptic polarity of LWamide-like+ ganglion neurons in the sea anemoneThe Journal of experimental biology · 2020Article
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- Mechanistic insights into the interactions of dynein regulator Ndel1 with neuronal ankyrins and implications in polarity maintenance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Casein Kinase 1δ Stabilizes Mature Axons by Inhibiting Transcription Termination of Ankyrin.Developmental cell · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In vertebrate neurons, the axon initial segment (AIS) is specialized for action potential initiation. It is organized by a giant 480 Kd variant of ankyrin G (AnkG) that serves as an anchor for ion channels and is required for a plasma membrane diffusion barrier that excludes somatodendritic proteins from the axon. An unusually long exon required to encode this 480Kd variant is thought to have been inserted only recently during vertebrate evolution, so the giant ankyrin-based AIS scaffold has been viewed as a vertebrate adaptation for fast, precise signaling. We re-examined AIS evolution through phylogenomic analysis of ankyrins and by testing the role of ankyrins in proximal axon organization in a model multipolar Drosophila neuron (ddaE). We find giant isoforms of ankyrin in all major bilaterian phyla, and present evidence in favor of a single common origin for giant ankyrins and the corresponding long exon in a bilaterian ancestor. This finding raises the question of whether giant ankyrin isoforms play a conserved role in AIS organization throughout the Bilateria. We examined this possibility by looking for conserved ankyrin-dependent AIS features in Drosophila ddaE neurons via live imaging. We found that ddaE neurons have an axonal diffusion barrier proximal to the cell body that requires a giant isoform of the neuronal ankyrin Ank2. Furthermore, the potassium channel shal concentrates in the proximal axon in an Ank2-dependent manner. Our results indicate that the giant ankyrin-based cytoskeleton of the AIS may have evolved prior to the radiation of extant bilaterian lineages, much earlier than previously thought.
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