ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016
Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor induce apoptosis specifically in retinoblastoma cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hormone-Driven Growth Signaling as a Therapeutic Target in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Implications for Drug-Resistant Disease.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Activating transcription factor 6 is involved in the beneficial effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists in the corneal endothelium.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- A novel approach for the treatment of AML, through GHRH antagonism: MIA-602.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone and cancer.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Article
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor signaling in experimental ocular inflammation and neuroprotection.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Retinal Gene Expression of Selective Genes and Histological Stages of Embryonic and Post-Hatch Chickens (Genes · 2022Article
- Polymorphisms of the Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene Affect Body Conformation Traits in Chinese Dabieshan Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Constitutive signal bias mediated by the human GHRHR splice variant 1.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Agonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone enhances retinal ganglion cell protection induced by macrophages after optic nerve injury.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- A glimpse at growth hormone-releasing hormone cosmos.Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology · 2020Article
- Article
- Neuroprotective Peptides in Retinal Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) inhibit the growth of human malignant pleural mesothelioma.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- A temperature-sensitive phase-change hydrogel of topotecan achieves a long-term sustained antitumor effect on retinoblastoma cells.OncoTargets and therapy · 2019Article
- MicroRNA-665 inhibits the oncogenicity of retinoblastoma by directly targeting high-mobility group box 1 and inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Cancer management and research · 2019Article
- MicroRNA-101-3p inhibits proliferation in retinoblastoma cells by targeting EZH2 and HDAC9.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its agonists inhibit hepatic and tumoral secretion of IGF-1.Oncotarget · 2018Article
- Magnetoelectric nanoparticles for delivery of antitumor peptides into glioblastoma cells by magnetic fields.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular cancer in children worldwide. Current treatments mainly involve combinations of chemotherapies, cryotherapies, and laser-based therapies. Severe or late-stage disease may require enucleation or lead to fatality. Recently, RB has been shown to arise from cone precursor cells, which have high MDM2 levels to suppress p53-mediated apoptosis. This finding leads to the hypothesis that restoring apoptosis mechanisms in RBs could specifically kill the cancer cells without affecting other retinal cells. We have previously reported involvement of an extrapituitary signaling pathway of the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in the retina. Here we show that the GHRH receptor (GHRH-R) is highly expressed in RB cells but not in other retinal cells. We induced specific apoptosis with two different GHRH-R antagonists, MIA-602 and MIA-690. Importantly, these GHRH-R antagonists do not trigger apoptosis in other retinal cells such as retinal pigmented epithelial cells. We delineated the gene expression profiles regulated by GHRH-R antagonists and found that cell proliferation genes and apoptotic genes are down- and up-regulated, respectively. Our results reveal the involvement of GHRH-R in survival and proliferation of RB and demonstrate that GHRH-R antagonists can specifically kill the RB cells.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.