ReviewCritical reviews in immunology2016
Immunostimulatory Effects of Melphalan and Usefulness in Adoptive Cell Therapy with Antitumor CD4+ T Cells.
Review in Critical reviews in immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role for intra-arterial chemotherapy for refractory retinoblastoma: a systematic review.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2021Pooled it
- A new parameter in multiple myeloma: CYP3A4*1B single nucleotide polymorphism.Annals of hematology · 2021Trial
- Continuous lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone in patients with transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed MM: FIRST trial subanalysis of Canadian/US patients.Cancer medicine · 2020Trial
- L-Citrulline Improves Recovery of Enterocytes While Not Affecting Gut Microbiota in an In Vitro Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Gastrointestinal Mucositis.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Melphalan improves toxicity of arsenic trioxide in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Advances and Challenges in Immunotherapy for Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: Clinical Strategies and Emerging Targets.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Association of Pretreatment Tumour Microenvironment and Treatment Outcome in Patients With Locally Advanced Melanoma Treated With Isolated Limb Perfusion.Pigment cell & melanoma research · 2025Article
- L-Sarcolysine Reduced the Mobility of Human Glioblastoma Cells, with Potential Involvement of Vimentin.OncoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of reduced toxicity conditioning regimens between fludarabine plus melphalan and fludarabine plus busulfex in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Bone marrow transplantation · 2024Article
- Review
- The Diagnosis and Management of Cutaneous Metastases from Melanoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Establishing the applicability of cancer vaccines in combination with chemotherapeutic entities: current aspect and achievable prospects.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Review
- Article
- Metabolic Changes Are Associated with Melphalan Resistance in Multiple Myeloma.Journal of proteome research · 2021Article
- Treatment of Multiple Myeloma and the Role of Melphalan in the Era of Modern Therapies-Current Research and Clinical Approaches.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Gut Bacteria of Columbia livia Are a Potential Source of Anti-Tumour Molecules.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2021Article
- Molecular Aspects of the Isolated Limb Infusion Procedure.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Belantamab Mafodotin to Treat Multiple Myeloma: A Comprehensive Review of Disease, Drug Efficacy and Side Effects.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2021Review
- High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1): a pivotal regulator of hematopoietic malignancies.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2020Review
- Synthesis, Characterization, andFrontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The alkylating agent melphalan is used in the treatment of hematological malignancies, especially multiple myeloma. In the past, the usefulness of melphalan has been solely attributed to its cytotoxicity on fastgrowing cancerous cells. Although the immunomodulatory effects of melphalan were suggested many years ago, only recently has this aspect of melphalan's activity begun to be elucidated at the molecular level. Emerging evidence indicates that melphalan can foster an immunogenic microenvironment by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) as characterized by membrane translocation of endoplasmic reticulum protein calreticulin (CRT) and by release of chromatin-binding protein high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). In addition, the lympho-depletive effect of melphalan can induce the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, deplete regulatory T cells, and create space to facilitate the expansion of infused tumor-reactive T cells. These features suggest that melphalan can be used as a preparative chemotherapy for adoptive T-cell therapy. This notion is supported by our recent work demonstrating that the combination of melphalan and adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive CD4+ T cells can mediate potent antitumor effects in animal models. This review summarizes the recent advances in understanding and utilizing the immunomodulatory effects of melphalan.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.