ReviewFrontiers in neuroscience2016
The Eye As a Biomarker for Alzheimer's Disease.
Review in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Relative Risks for Dementia among Individuals with Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Cohort Studies.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic Review on Fractal Dimension of the Retinal Vasculature in Neurodegeneration and Stroke: Assessment of a Potential Biomarker.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- Proteins and microRNAs are differentially expressed in tear fluid from patients with Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Brain-Wide Multi-Trait Genetic Integration Implicates Lysosomal and Metabolic Axes Linking Visual Disturbance and Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Morpho-Functional Characterization and miRNA Profiling of the Retina in the 5xFAD Murine Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- High-fat Western diet induces retinal and metabolic alterations in APOE3 and APOE4 knock-in mice.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Ocular changes as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Review
- Long-term Dietary Fat Intervention Affects Retinal Health in APOE Mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Wearable health devices for pediatric ophthalmology.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Review
- Unraveling the Enigma: Exploring the Periphery's Influence in Alzheimer's Pathophysiology-Cause or Consequence?The Eurasian journal of medicine · 2025Article
- Innovations in Alzheimer's disease diagnostic technologies: clinical prospects of novel biomarkers, multimodal integration, and non-invasive detection.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review of the Association Between Cataracts and Dementia.Eye and brain · 2025Review
- Eye movements powered by artificial intelligence identify asymptomatic carriers of familial Alzheimer's disease.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Non-Cognitive Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease and Their Likely Impact on Patient Outcomes. A Scoping Review.Current treatment options in neurology · 2025Article
- Imaging the eye as a window to brain health: frontier approaches and future directions.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Multimodal photoacoustic microscopy and optical coherence tomography ocular biomarker imaging in Alzheimer's disease in mice.Biomedical optics express · 2024Article
- Sensory Dysfunction, Microbial Infections, and Host Responses in Alzheimer's Disease.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Neurodegenerative biomarkers in different chambers of the eye relative to plasma: an agreement validation study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Aging impairs reactive attentional control but not proactive distractor inhibition.Journal of experimental psychology. General · 2024Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in dementia and eventual death. It is the leading cause of dementia and the number of cases are projected to rise in the next few decades. Pathological hallmarks of AD include the presence of hyperphosphorylated tau and amyloid protein deposition. Currently, these pathological biomarkers are detected either through cerebrospinal fluid analysis, brain imaging or post-mortem. Though effective, these methods are not widely available due to issues such as the difficulty in acquiring samples, lack of infrastructure or high cost. Given that the eye possesses clear optics and shares many neural and vascular similarities to the brain, it offers a direct window to cerebral pathology. These unique characteristics lend itself to being a relatively inexpensive biomarker for AD which carries the potential for wide implementation. The development of ocular biomarkers can have far implications in the discovery of treatments which can improve the quality of lives of patients. In this review, we consider the current evidence for ocular biomarkers in AD and explore potential future avenues of research in this area.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.