ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2016
Sports-related lung injury during breath-hold diving.
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in breath-hold diving research: a state-of-the-art review.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Review
- Respiratory system responses to a maximal apnoea.Experimental physiology · 2025Review
- Respiratory anatomy and physiology in diving penguins.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Trends in competitive freediving accidents.Diving and hyperbaric medicine · 2024Article
- Unlocking the depths: multiple factors contribute to risk for hypoxic blackout during deep freediving.European journal of applied physiology · 2023Article
- Serum Amino Acid Profile Changes After Repetitive Breath-Hold Dives: A Preliminary Study.Sports medicine - open · 2022Article
- Physiology, pathophysiology and (mal)adaptations to chronic apnoeic training: a state-of-the-art review.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Review
- Breath-Hold Diving - The Physiology of Diving Deep and Returning.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Lung Diffusion in a 14-Day Swimming Altitude Training Camp at 1850 Meters.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Environmental Physiology and Diving Medicine.Frontiers in psychology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The number of people practising recreational breath-hold diving is constantly growing, thereby increasing the need for knowledge of the acute and chronic effects such a sport could have on the health of participants. Breath-hold diving is potentially dangerous, mainly because of associated extreme environmental factors such as increased hydrostatic pressure, hypoxia, hypercapnia, hypothermia and strenuous exercise.In this article we focus on the effects of breath-hold diving on pulmonary function. Respiratory symptoms have been reported in almost 25% of breath-hold divers after repetitive diving sessions. Acutely, repetitive breath-hold diving may result in increased transpulmonary capillary pressure, leading to noncardiogenic oedema and/or alveolar haemorrhage. Furthermore, during a breath-hold dive, the chest and lungs are compressed by the increasing pressure of water. Rapid changes in lung air volume during descent or ascent can result in a lung injury known as pulmonary barotrauma. Factors that may influence individual susceptibility to breath-hold diving-induced lung injury range from underlying pulmonary or cardiac dysfunction to genetic predisposition.According to the available data, breath-holding does not result in chronic lung injury. However, studies of large populations of breath-hold divers are necessary to firmly exclude long-term lung damage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.